First record of the diatom Nitzschia navis-varingica (Bacillariophyceae) producing amnesic shellfish poisoning-toxins from Papua New Guinea

Clyde Gorapava Puilingi; Suh Nih Tan; Yukari Maeno; Chui Pin Leaw; Po Teen Lim; Mari Yotsu-Yamashita; Ryuta Terada; Yuichi Kotaki

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.06.016

First record of the diatom Nitzschia navis-varingica (Bacillariophyceae) producing amnesic shellfish poisoning-toxins from Papua New Guinea

Toxicon. 2022 Sep:216:65-72. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.06.016. Epub 2022 Jul 2.

Authors

Clyde Gorapava Puilingi¹, Suh Nih Tan², Yukari Maeno³, Chui Pin Leaw⁴, Po Teen Lim⁴, Mari Yotsu-Yamashita³, Ryuta Terada⁵, Yuichi Kotaki⁶

Affiliations

¹ School of Science & Technology, Pacific Adventist University, Private Mail Bag, Boroko, NCD, Papua New Guinea.
² Bachok Marine Research Station, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 16310 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia; China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia.
³ Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8572, Japan.
⁴ Bachok Marine Research Station, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 16310 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia.
⁵ United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21- 24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
⁶ Fukushima College, 1-1 Chigoike Miyashiro, Fukushima, 960-0181, Japan. Electronic address: kotaki.yuichi@fukushima-college.ac.jp.

PMID: 35792190
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.06.016

Abstract

To determine the species distribution of an amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) toxins-producing diatom Nitzschia navis-varingica outside its current restricted geographical distribution range in Asian coastal waters, samples were collected from two sites of Bootless Bay, located on southwest coast of Papua New Guinea near Port Moresby. A total of twenty-one strains of N. navis-varingica were isolated and the clonal cultures established. The species identity was confirmed by molecular characterization based on the ribosomal DNA markers. The LSU rDNA phylogenetic inference revealed a monophyletic clade of all strains, clustered with N. navis-varingica with high bootstrap supports. ASP toxin production in the strains was investigated by HPLC with fluorescence detection and subsequently confirmed for the representative isolates by LC-MS/MS with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. All eleven strains from site A showed presence of domoic acid (DA) and isodomoic acid (IB); the toxin quota ranged from 0.70 to 4.63 pg cell^-1 (average 2.75 ± 1.26 pg cell^-1, n = 11), with the composition of DA and IB of 21 DA: 79 IB. While for strains from site B, four out of ten strains showed presence of DA and IB, with the toxin quota ranged from 1.40 to 3.84 (average 2.57 ± 1.17 pg cell^-1, n = 4); the composition was 52 DA: 48 IB. The strains examined in this study were divided into toxic and probably non-toxic groups in ITS2 phylogeny. This represents the first record of domoic acid-producing Nitzschia navis-varingica from Papua New Guinea.

Keywords: Domoic acid; ITS2; Isodomoic acid B; LSU rDNA; Nitzschia navis-varingica; Phylogeny.

MeSH terms

Chromatography, Liquid
Diatoms*
Humans
Kainic Acid
Marine Toxins / analysis
Papua New Guinea
Phylogeny
Shellfish Poisoning*
Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Substances

Marine Toxins
Kainic Acid