Due to the lack of effective early diagnosis and treatment, gallbladder cancer(GBC) remains a malignant tumor with extremely high malignancy and poor prognosis. Therefore, high quality studies are required to break through the bottleneck in GBC diagnosis and treatment. This article reviewed the domestic and foreign GBC research published in 2021, presenting a comprehensive summary of the important advances in the field of clinical diagnosis and treatment. Latest epidemiological data and risk factors, emerging diagnostic methods of peripheral blood laboratory tests and imaging, new pathologic classification system, hot topics and controversies of surgical treatment as well as the dynamics of systemic treatment of GBC are reviewed in the article. The present findings may contribute to a more efficient means of diagnosis and treatment for GBC and hold the promise of improved outcomes for patients with GBC.
胆囊癌的恶性程度极高，缺乏早期诊断方法和有效治疗手段，亟需高质量研究突破诊疗瓶颈。本文回顾了2021年国内外发表的胆囊癌研究相关文献，对临床诊疗领域的重要进展进行综述，详细介绍了胆囊癌最新流行病学数据及危险因素、新兴的外周血实验室检查和影像学诊断方法、病理学类型新分类、外科治疗的热点与争议及系统性综合治疗动态。这些研究结果有助于探索更有效的胆囊癌诊治方法，为改善胆囊癌患者的预后带来希望。.