Sociodemographic Factors and Comorbidities Including Hyperparathyroidism Are Associated With an Increased Risk of Band Keratopathy: A Population-Based Study in Taiwan

Ren-Long Jan; Jhi-Joung Wang; Sung-Huei Tseng; Yuh-Shin Chang

doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.927513

Sociodemographic Factors and Comorbidities Including Hyperparathyroidism Are Associated With an Increased Risk of Band Keratopathy: A Population-Based Study in Taiwan

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Jun 15:13:927513. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.927513. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Ren-Long Jan^{1

2}, Jhi-Joung Wang^{3

4

5}, Sung-Huei Tseng^{6

7}, Yuh-Shin Chang^{1

7}

Affiliations

¹ Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan.
² Department of Pediatrics, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan.
³ Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
⁴ Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
⁵ AI Biomed Center, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan.
⁶ Department of Ophthalmology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
⁷ Department of Ophthalmology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the association of comorbidities including hyperparathyroidism and sociodemographic factors with band keratopathy.

Methods: This retrospective, population-based, matched case-control study recruited 2,545 patients suffering from band keratopathy. They were selected from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, based on the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) code 371.43. The control group included 15,270 sex-, age-, and index date-matched non-band keratopathy patients collected from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000. To compare band keratopathy patients with controls, McNemar's test was used for nominal data and paired t- tests were used for continuous variables. Univariate conditional logistic regression analysis and multivariable conditional logistic regression were used to obtain the odds ratio (OR) and adjusted OR of developing band keratopathy.

Results: Patients with hyperparathyroidism were more likely to develop band keratopathy than controls (OR, 43.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 23.789-79.544; P < 0.001) even after conditional logistic regression (adjusted OR, 11.28; 95% CI, 5.461-23.33; P < 0.001). Other conditions that increased the odds of scleritis development included systemic diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) and ocular conditions such as iridocyclitis, phthisis bulbi, and ever silicone oil retention. Regarding sociodemographic factors, >40% of patients with band keratopathy were aged ≥65 years old. Moreover, patients living in Eastern Taiwan and fishermen had higher odds of developing band keratopathy.

Conclusions: Band keratopathy is significantly associated with hyperparathyroidism, CKD, DM, iridocyclitis, phthisis bulbi, and ever silicone oil retention.

Keywords: Band keratopathy; Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database; case-controlled study; hyperparathyroidism; sociodemographic factors.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Aged
Case-Control Studies
Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary
Diabetes Mellitus*
Humans
Hyperparathyroidism*
Iridocyclitis*
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic*
Retrospective Studies
Silicone Oils
Sociodemographic Factors
Taiwan / epidemiology

Substances

Silicone Oils

Supplementary concepts

Corneal Dystrophy, Band-Shaped