Bone Engineering Scaffolds With Exosomes: A Promising Strategy for Bone Defects Repair

Mingming Zhang; Yi Li; Taojin Feng; Ran Li; Zhongqi Wang; Licheng Zhang; Pengbin Yin; Peifu Tang

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2022.920378

Bone Engineering Scaffolds With Exosomes: A Promising Strategy for Bone Defects Repair

Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 Jun 15:10:920378. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.920378. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Mingming Zhang^{1

2}, Yi Li^{1

2}, Taojin Feng^{1

2}, Ran Li^{1

2}, Zhongqi Wang^{1

2}, Licheng Zhang^{1

2}, Pengbin Yin^{1

2}, Peifu Tang^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
² National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, China.

Abstract

The treatment of bone defects is still an intractable clinical problem, despite the fact that numerous treatments are currently available. In recent decades, bone engineering scaffolds have become a promising tool to fill in the defect sites and remedy the deficiencies of bone grafts. By virtue of bone formation, vascular growth, and inflammation modulation, the combination of bone engineering scaffolds with cell-based and cell-free therapy is widely used in bone defect repair. As a key element of cell-free therapy, exosomes with bioactive molecules overcome the deficiencies of cell-based therapy and promote bone tissue regeneration via the potential of osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and inflammation modulation. Hence, this review aimed at overviewing the bone defect microenvironment and healing mechanism, summarizing current advances in bone engineering scaffolds and exosomes in bone defects to probe for future applications.

Keywords: bone defect; bone regeneration; bone tissue engineering; cell-free therapy; exosome; scaffold.

Publication types

Review