Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis associated with head/neck infection in children: Clues for improved management

Dev Med Child Neurol. 2023 Feb;65(2):215-222. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.15331. Epub 2022 Jun 29.

Abstract

Aim: To compare paediatric patients with cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT) with and without head/neck infection to improve management of the condition.

Method: We conducted a bicentric retrospective study of consecutive children (neonates excluded) with radiologically confirmed CSVT, comparing children with a concurrent head/neck infection and children with other causes.

Results: A total of 84 consecutive patients (46 males and 38 females) with a median age of 4 years 6 months (range 3 months-17 years 5 months) were included. Associated head/neck infection was identified in 65.4% of cases and represented the main identified CSVT aetiology. Children in the head/neck infection group displayed a milder clinical presentation and less extensive CSVT. Median time to complete recanalization was significantly shorter in this group (89 days [interquartile range 35-101] vs 112.5 days [interquartile range 83-177], p = 0.005). These findings were even more pronounced in the subgroup of patients with otogenic infection and no neurological sign.

Interpretation: As CSVT in the setting of an otogenic infection and no neurological sign seems to represent a milder condition with a shorter course, these results suggest adapting current recommendations: consider earlier control imaging in paediatric otogenic CSVT, and shorter anticoagulant treatment if recanalization is obtained.

What this paper adds: Children with cerebral sinovenous thrombosis related to head/neck infections have a milder clinical presentation. They also have a shorter recanalization time, especially if there is otogenic infection without neurological symptoms.

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial* / complications
  • Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial* / diagnostic imaging
  • Thrombosis / complications
  • Venous Thrombosis*