The effects of alcohol and co-witness information on memory reports: a field study

Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2022 Sep;239(9):2945-2953. doi: 10.1007/s00213-022-06179-5. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Abstract

Rationale: Witnesses who discuss a crime together may report details that they did not see themselves but heard about from their co-witness. Co-witness information may have beneficial and harmful effects on memory accuracy depending on whether the information was correct or incorrect.

Objectives: Given the prevalence of intoxicated witnesses, it is imperative to understand how alcohol influences this effect.

Methods: The present study asked pubgoers (n = 67) at varying levels of intoxication to recall a mock crime video after having also watched a video witness statement containing both correct and false information.

Results: Increased intoxication was associated with decreased confidence, completeness and accuracy, but no increased tendency to report false information. Exposure to incorrect post-event information (PEI) can lead to the incorporation of incorrect information, whereas exposure to correct PEI increased accuracy, regardless of individuals' alcohol intoxication status.

Conclusions: Thus, whilst discussion and intoxication can negatively impact eyewitness memory, discussion may also have benefits for both sober and intoxicated witnesses.

Keywords: Eyewitness memory; Intoxication; Memory conformity; Source monitoring.

MeSH terms

  • Alcoholic Intoxication*
  • Crime
  • Data Collection
  • Ethanol / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Mental Recall

Substances

  • Ethanol