Toward Improved Charge Separation through Conformational Control in Copper Coordination Complexes

J Am Chem Soc. 2022 Jul 13;144(27):12116-12126. doi: 10.1021/jacs.2c02580. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

Abstract

The continued development of solar energy as a renewable resource necessitates new approaches to sustaining photodriven charge separation (CS). We present a bioinspired approach in which photoinduced conformational rearrangements at a ligand are translated into changes in coordination geometry and environment about a bound metal ion. Taking advantage of the differential coordination properties of CuI and CuII, these dynamics aim to facilitate intramolecular electron transfer (ET) from CuI to the ligand to create a CS state. The synthesis and photophysical characterization of CuCl(dpaaR) (dpaa = dipicolylaminoacetophenone, with R = H and OMe) are presented. These ligands incorporate a fluorophore that gives rise to a twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) excited state. Excited-state ligand twisting provides a tetragonal coordination geometry capable of capturing CuII when an internal ortho-OMe binding site is present. NMR, IR, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and optical spectroscopies, X-ray diffraction, and electrochemical methods establish the ground-state properties of these CuI and CuII complexes. The photophysical dynamics of the CuI complexes are explored by time-resolved photoluminescence and optical transient absorption spectroscopies. Relative to control complexes lacking a TICT-active ligand, the lifetimes of CS states are enhanced ∼1000-fold. Further, the presence of the ortho-OMe substituent greatly enhances the lifetime of the TICT* state and biases the coordination environment toward CuII. The presence of CuI decreases photoinduced degradation from 14 to <2% but does not result in significant quenching via ET. Factors affecting CS in these systems are discussed, laying the groundwork for our strategy toward solar energy conversion.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Coordination Complexes* / chemistry
  • Copper / chemistry
  • Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Ligands
  • Molecular Conformation

Substances

  • Coordination Complexes
  • Ligands
  • Copper