Discrimination of Atlantic salmon origins using untargeted chemical fingerprinting

Wen-Hsin Chang; Yee Soon Ling; Ko-Chih Wang; Fan-Hua Nan; Wen-Ling Chen

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133538

Discrimination of Atlantic salmon origins using untargeted chemical fingerprinting

Food Chem. 2022 Nov 15:394:133538. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133538. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Authors

Wen-Hsin Chang¹, Yee Soon Ling², Ko-Chih Wang³, Fan-Hua Nan⁴, Wen-Ling Chen⁵

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, 17 Xuzhou Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan.
² CAIQ Certification Sdn Bhd, Suite D-4-1, Block D, 4th Fl., Plaza Tanjung Aru, 88100 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia.
³ Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, College of Science, National Taiwan Normal University, 162, Sec. 1, Heping E. Rd., Taipei 106, Taiwan. Electronic address: kcwang@ntnu.edu.tw.
⁴ Department of Aquaculture, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, 2, Beining Rd., Keelung 202, Taiwan. Electronic address: fhnan@mail.ntou.edu.tw.
⁵ Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, 17 Xuzhou Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, 17 Xuzhou Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan; Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 106, Taiwan. Electronic address: adelachen@ntu.edu.tw.

PMID: 35759841
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133538

Abstract

Mislabelling the geographic origin of same-species aquaculture products is difficult to identify. This study applied untargeted small-molecule fingerprinting to discriminating between Atlantic salmon originating from Chile and Norway. The acquired liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry data from Chilean (n = 32) and Norwegian (n = 29) salmon were chemometrically processed. The partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models successfully discriminated between Chilean and Norwegian salmon at both positive and negative ionisation modes (R² > 0.96, Q² > 0.81). Univariate analyses facilitated the selection of approximately 100 candidate markers with high statistical confidence (> 95%). Of these, 37 confirmed markers of Chilean and Norwegian salmon were primarily associated with feed formulations, including lipid derivatives and feed additives. None of the markers were residues or contaminants of potential food safety concern.

Keywords: Atlantic salmon; Chemical fingerprints; Geographic origin; High-resolution mass spectrometry; Untargeted analysis.

MeSH terms

Animals
Aquaculture
Chromatography, Liquid
Food Safety
Salmo salar*
Seafood / analysis