Electrochemical detection of acute renal disease biomarker by Galinstan nanoparticles interfaced to bilayer polymeric structured dirhenium heptoxide film

Munmun Das; Titisha Chakraborty; Chan Yu Lin; Kin Fong Lei; Chyuan Haur Kao

doi:10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108194

Electrochemical detection of acute renal disease biomarker by Galinstan nanoparticles interfaced to bilayer polymeric structured dirhenium heptoxide film

Bioelectrochemistry. 2022 Oct:147:108194. doi: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108194. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

Authors

Munmun Das¹, Titisha Chakraborty¹, Chan Yu Lin², Kin Fong Lei³, Chyuan Haur Kao⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, ROC.
² Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No.5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan ROC.
³ Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
⁴ Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, ROC; Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No.5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan ROC; Department of Electronic Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, 284 Gungjuan Rd., Taishan Dist., New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan, ROC; Center for Green Technology, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan, ROC. Electronic address: chkao@mail.cgu.edu.tw.

PMID: 35752029
DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108194

Abstract

This work describes a facile fabrication of an efficient electrochemical sensor utilizing sonication-derived Galinstan nanoparticles (Galinstan NPs) interfaced to annealed dirhenium heptoxide (Re₂O₇) thin-film on Silicon (Si) for the quantitative detection of the most promising acute renal disease biomarker Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin (NGAL). Under optimized preconditions, the anti-NGAL antibodies were immobilized on the Galinstan NPs/Re₂O₇/Si electrode by carbodiimide crosslinking to detect NGAL. The composition, morphology, and structural properties of the electrode were elucidated by various physical characterizations. The sensor obtained a high sensitivity (0.018 µA^-1ng^-1ml^-1, R² = 0.99) in differential pulse voltammetry and a minimum detection limit (2.14 ng ml^-1) in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for a wide range of NGAL concentrations (25-650 ng ml^-1) with high selectivity and stability. The intensified performance of the sensor was achieved by the summed-up electron transfer from the Re₂O₇ film to Galinstan NPs and Galinstan NPs to the electroactive reactants. Additionally, the outer 2D gallium oxide (Ga₂O₃) layer of Galinstan Nps enhanced the redox activities, whereas the metallic core contributed to the magnificent conductivity. The excellent recovery rates of the sensor for different concentrations of NGAL measured in commercial human serum by the standard addition method assured the feasibility of the sensor.

Keywords: Acute renal disease; Electrochemical sensor; Galinstan nanoparticles; NGAL; Re(2)O(7).

MeSH terms

Alloys
Biomarkers
Electrochemical Techniques* / methods
Electrodes
Humans
Metals, Heavy
Nanoparticles* / chemistry
Polymers
Silicon

Substances

Alloys
Biomarkers
Metals, Heavy
Polymers
galinstan
Silicon