Neuropeltis acuminata (P. Beauv.): Investigation of the Chemical Variability and In Vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity of the Leaf Essential Oil from the Ivorian Species

Didjour Albert Kambiré; Ahmont Claude Landry Kablan; Thierry Acafou Yapi; Sophie Vincenti; Jacques Maury; Nicolas Baldovini; Pierre Tomi; Mathieu Paoli; Jean Brice Boti; Félix Tomi

doi:10.3390/molecules27123759

Neuropeltis acuminata (P. Beauv.): Investigation of the Chemical Variability and In Vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity of the Leaf Essential Oil from the Ivorian Species

Molecules. 2022 Jun 10;27(12):3759. doi: 10.3390/molecules27123759.

Affiliations

¹ UPR de Chimie Organique, Département de Mathématiques, Physique et Chimie, UFR des Sciences Biologiques, Université Péléforo Gon Coulibaly, Korhogo BP 1328, Côte d'Ivoire.
² Laboratoire Sciences Pour l'Environnement, Université de Corse-CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, Route des Sanguinaires, 20000 Ajaccio, France.
³ Laboratoire de Constitution et Réaction de la Matière, UFR-SSMT, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan BP V34, Côte d'Ivoire.
⁴ Institut de Chimie de Nice, CNRS UMR 7272, Université Côte d'Azur, Parc Valrose, CEDEX 2, 06108 Nice, France.

Abstract

The variability of chemical composition of the leaf essential oil (EO) from Neuropeltis acuminata, a climbing liana growing wild in Ivory Coast, was investigated for the first time. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was also evaluated. Thirty oil samples were isolated from leaves collected in three forests of the country and analyzed using a combination of Column Chromatography (CC), Gas Chromatography with Retention Indices (GC(FID)), Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and ¹³Carbon-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹³C-NMR). Fractionation by CC led to the first-time isolation from natural source of δ-cadinen-11-ol, whose structural elucidation by one dimension (1D) and 2D-NMR spectroscopy is reported here. Finally, 103 constituents accounting for 95.7 to 99.6% of the samples' compositions were identified. As significant variations of the major constituents were observed, the 30 oil compositions were submitted to hierarchical cluster and principal components analyses. Five distinct groups were evidenced: Group I, dominated by (E)-β-caryophyllene, kessane, and δ-cadinene, while the main constituents of Group II were germacrene B, ledol, α-humulene, (E)-γ-bisabolen-12-ol, and γ-elemene. Group III exhibited guaiol, germacrene D, atractylone, (E)-γ-bisabolen-12-ol, δ-cadinene and bulnesol as main compounds. Group IV was dominated by (E)-nerolidol, guaiol, selina-4(15),7(11)-diene and bulnesol, whereas (E)-β-caryophyllene, α-humulene and α-muurolene were the prevalent compounds of Group V. As the harvest took place in the same dry season in the three forests, the observed chemical variability could be related to harvest sites, which includes climatic and pedologic factors, although genetic factors could not be excluded. The leaf oil sample S24 behaved as a high inhibitor of LipOXygenase (LOX) activity (half maximum Inhibitory Concentration, IC₅₀: 0.059 ± 0.001 mg mL^-1), suggesting an anti-inflammatory potential.

Keywords: Neuropeltis acuminata; anti-inflammatory activity; chemical variability; leaf essential oil; δ-cadinen-11-ol.

MeSH terms

Anti-Inflammatory Agents / analysis
Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology
Cote d'Ivoire
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Oils, Volatile* / chemistry
Plant Leaves / chemistry

Substances

Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Oils, Volatile

Grants and funding

This research received no external funding.