Coagulation Factor XIII Val34Leu Polymorphism in the Prediction of Premature Cardiovascular Events-The Results of Two Meta-Analyses

Beata Sarecka-Hujar; Danuta Łoboda; Elżbieta Paradowska-Nowakowska; Krzysztof S Gołba

doi:10.3390/jcm11123454

Coagulation Factor XIII Val34Leu Polymorphism in the Prediction of Premature Cardiovascular Events-The Results of Two Meta-Analyses

J Clin Med. 2022 Jun 15;11(12):3454. doi: 10.3390/jcm11123454.

Authors

Beata Sarecka-Hujar¹, Danuta Łoboda^{2

3}, Elżbieta Paradowska-Nowakowska⁴, Krzysztof S Gołba^{2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Basic Biomedical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
² Department of Electrocardiology and Heart Failure, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-635 Katowice, Poland.
³ Department of Electrocardiology, Upper-Silesian Medical Centre, 40-635 Katowice, Poland.
⁴ Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, "Ustron" Health Resort, 43-450 Ustroń, Poland.

Abstract

Background: Polymorphisms within the gene that encodes for coagulation factor XIII (FXIII) have been suggested to be involved in the pathogeneses of ischemic stroke (IS) and myocardial infarction (MI). The Val34Leu polymorphism is one of the most commonly analysed FXIII polymorphisms. However, studies on the role of the Val34Leu polymorphism in the aetiology of vascular diseases often show contradictory results. In the present meta-analysis, we aimed to pool data from available articles to assess the relationship between the FXIII Val34Leu polymorphism and the susceptibilities to IS of undetermined source and premature MI in patients aged below 55 years.

Methods: We searched databases (PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, SciELO, and Medline) using specific keywords (the last search was in January 2022). Eventually, 18 studies (627 cases and 1639 controls for IS; 2595 cases and 4255 controls for MI) met the inclusion criteria. Data were analysed using RevMan 5.4 and StatsDirect 3 link software. The relation between Val34Leu polymorphism and disease was analysed in five genetic models, i.e., dominant, recessive, additive, heterozygous, and allelic.

Results: No relation between Val34Leu polymorphism and IS in young adults was observed in all analysed genetic models. For premature MI, significant pooled OR was found between the carrier state of the Leu allele (Val/Leu + Leu/Leu vs. Val/Val) and a lack of MI, suggesting its protective role (OR = 0.80 95%CI 0.64-0.99, p = 0.04). A similar finding was observed for the heterozygous model in MI (Val/Leu vs. Val/Val) (OR = 0.77 95%CI 0.61-0.98, p = 0.03). No relation was found for the recessive, additive, and allelic models in MI.

Conclusions: In the population of young adults, no positive correlation was found between the FXIII Val34Leu polymorphism and IS of undetermined source in any of the analysed genetic models. In turn, the carrier state of the 34Leu allele as well as FXIII heterozygotes themselves were found to play a protective role in relation to premature MI.

Keywords: FXIII polymorphism; arterial ischemic stroke; myocardial infarction; young adults.

Grants and funding

The APC was funded by Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland.