M6 A demethylase fat mass and obesity-associated protein regulates cisplatin resistance of gastric cancer by modulating autophagy activation through ULK1

Cancer Sci. 2022 Sep;113(9):3085-3096. doi: 10.1111/cas.15469. Epub 2022 Jul 7.

Abstract

Drug resistance is an important factor for treatment failure of gastric cancer. N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) is the predominant mRNA internal modification in eukaryotes. The roles of m6 A modification in drug resistance of gastric cancer remains unclear. In the present study, the m6 A methylated RNA level was significantly decreased while the expression of m6 A demethylase fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) was obviously elevated in cisplatin-resistant (SGC-7901/DDP) gastric cancer cells. Knockdown of FTO reversed cisplatin resistance of SGC-7901/DDP cells both in vitro and in vivo, which was attributed to the inhibition of Unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1)-mediated autophagy. Mechanistically, ULK1 expression was regulated in an FTO-m6 A-dependent and YTHDF2-mediated manner. Collectively, our findings indicate that the FTO/ULK1 axis exerts crucial roles in cisplatin resistance of gastric cancer.

Keywords: FTO; ULK1; autophagy; cisplatin resistance; gastric cancer.

MeSH terms

  • Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO / genetics
  • Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO / metabolism
  • Apoptosis
  • Autophagy / genetics
  • Autophagy-Related Protein-1 Homolog / genetics
  • Cisplatin* / pharmacology
  • Cisplatin* / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / genetics
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / therapeutic use
  • Obesity / genetics
  • Stomach Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Stomach Neoplasms* / genetics

Substances

  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO
  • FTO protein, human
  • Autophagy-Related Protein-1 Homolog
  • ULK1 protein, human
  • Cisplatin