Objectives: To explore the application values of diatom artificial intelligence (AI) search system in the diagnosis of drowning.
Methods: The liver and kidney tissues of 12 drowned corpses were taken and were performed with the diatom test, the view images were obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Diatom detection and forensic expert manual identification were carried out under the thresholds of 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 of the diatom AI search system, respectively. Diatom recall rate, precision rate and image exclusion rate were used to detect and compare the efficiency of diatom AI search system.
Results: There was no statistical difference between the number of diatoms detected in the target marked by the diatom AI search system and the number of diatoms identified manually (P>0.05); the recall rates of the diatom AI search system were statistically different under different thresholds (P<0.05); the precision rates of the diatom AI system were statistically different under different thresholds(P<0.05), and the highest precision rate was 53.15%; the image exclusion rates of the diatom AI search system were statistically different under different thresholds (P<0.05), and the highest image exclusion rate was 99.72%. For the same sample, the time taken by the diatom AI search system to identify diatoms was only 1/7 of that of manual identification.
Conclusions: Diatom AI search system has a good application prospect in drowning cases. Its automatic diatom search ability is equal to that of experienced forensic experts, and it can greatly reduce the workload of manual observation of images.
目的: 探讨硅藻人工智能（artificial intelligence，AI）搜索系统在溺死诊断中的应用价值。方法: 取12例溺死尸体的肝、肾组织进行硅藻检验，应用扫描电子显微镜获得视场图片，分别在硅藻AI搜索系统的0.5、0.7和0.9阈值下进行硅藻检测及人工识别，用硅藻召回率、查准率和图片排除比例检测并比较搜索系统的效能。结果: 硅藻AI搜索系统标注的目标中实际检出硅藻数与人工识别硅藻数之间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；不同阈值下硅藻AI搜索系统检测硅藻的召回率差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；不同阈值下硅藻AI搜索系统检测硅藻的查准率差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05），高可达53.15%；不同阈值下硅藻AI搜索系统的图片排除比例差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05），高可达99.72%。对于同一样品，硅藻AI搜索系统识别硅藻所用时间仅为人工识别的1/7。结论: 硅藻AI搜索系统在溺死案例诊断中具有良好的应用前景，其搜索硅藻能力与经验丰富的法医相当，同时可以极大地减少人工观察图片的工作量。.
Keywords: artificial intelligence; automatic searching; diatom test; drowning; forensic pathology; manual identification; scanning electron microscope.