Objective: To investigate the method and efficacy of reconstruction of facial skin defects after removing the lesions by applying the V-Y subcutaneous pedicle flap. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 23 patients with facial reconstruction by using V-Y subcutaneous pedicle flap in the Otolaryngology Department of Guangdong Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital from March 2012 to April 2021. Patient ages ranged from 45 to 85 years old, with a mean age of 66.5 years (14 males and 9 females). The facial lesion sites included cheek in 12 cases (nearly lower eyelid in 4 cases), nose in 4 cases, lips in 3 cases, temporal in 2 cases and mental region in 2 cases. The initial pathology included malignant tumors (7 cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma(SCC), and 1 case of malignant melanoma) and benign lesions (7 cases of keratoderma, 3 cases of intradermal nevus, 1 case of pilomatricoma, 1 case of cutaneous mixed tumor and 1 case of epidermal cyst). The V-Y subcutaneous facial pedicled flaps were designed reasonably after the facial lesions were excised. The advantages of blood supply, survival rate and adverse events of the flap were analyzed Chi-square test was used to compare the observation results of different types of patients. Results: The primary focus of 23 patients was excised surgically, and intraoperative frozen-section examinations were performed for obtaining margins negative as far as possible. One positive margin was still found in 1 patient after multiple resection in our group. The defect sizes were 14 mm×12 mm-59 mm×54 mm. All the flaps survived. The adverse events were slight necrosis of the epidermis at the junction or vicinity of the three arms of "Y" shaped in 4 cases, but the wounds finally recovered by wet compress and dressing change. There were no significant differences in the incidences of adverse events between double and single pedicle flaps (4/19 vs. 0/4), between benign and malignant lesions (4/13 vs. 0/10), and between patients with and without underlying diseases (1/6 vs. 3/17) (χ2 values were 0.98, 3.56, 0.01, respectively, all P>0.05). There were no other major complications such as dehiscence, hematoma, eyelid ectropion and lip deformation. The patients with benign lesions were followed-up at least for 3 months, while those with malignant tumors were followed-up for 6-36 months postoperatively, without recurrence. Conclusions: V-Y subcutaneous facial pedicled skin flap may be a "no-easy-necrotic" local flap in the repair of small and medium-sized facial defects.
目的： 探讨局部皮下筋膜蒂V-Y皮瓣在面部皮肤缺损修复中的应用和效果。 方法： 回顾性分析2012年3月—2021年4月广东省中西医结合医院耳鼻喉科收治并行面部V-Y皮瓣修复的患者23例，其中男性14例，女性9例，年龄45~85岁。病变部位包括面颊部12例（4例涉及下睑），鼻部4例，唇部3例，颞部2例，颏部2例。病理诊断包括基底细胞癌7例，鳞状细胞癌2例，恶性黑色素瘤1例，皮肤角化病7例，皮内痣3例，毛母质瘤1例，混合瘤1例，表皮囊肿1例。根据缺损部位设计合适的皮下筋膜蒂V-Y皮瓣进行修复。总结该皮瓣的血供优势、成活率及不良事件的发生情况；应用χ²检验对不同类型患者的观察结果进行统计学分析。 结果： 23例均经手术切除原发病灶，术中冷冻病检尽量取得切缘阴性，本组有1例多次切除后仍有1个切缘阳性。缺损面积14 mm×12 mm~59 mm×54 mm。全组皮瓣均成活。本组出现的不良事件是“Y”形三臂会合处及附近表皮少部分坏死结痂共4例，经湿敷、换药后脱痂愈合；其余患者创面一期愈合。不良事件的发生率上根据皮瓣的双蒂与单蒂（4/19比0/4）、良性病变与恶性病变（4/13比0/10）以及患者有基础病与无基础病（1/6比3/17）进行比较差异均无统计学意义（χ²值分别为0.98、3.56、0.01，P值均>0.05）。全组无裂开、血肿、睑外翻、唇部变形等并发症。良性患者随访3个月以上；恶性肿瘤患者随访6~36个月，无复发。 结论： 对于面部中小型缺损的修复，如处理恰当，V-Y皮下筋膜蒂皮瓣有可能成为“不易坏死”的局部皮瓣。.