Clinical epidemiology and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in Japan: a retrospective study

Taro Takeuchi; Ling Zha; Kenta Tanaka; Yusuke Katayama; Tomotaka Sobue; Atsushi Hirayama; Sho Komukai; Takeshi Shimazu; Tetsuhisa Kitamura; COVID-19 Epidemiology Research Group of Osaka University

doi:10.1016/j.ijregi.2022.04.001

Clinical epidemiology and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in Japan: a retrospective study

IJID Reg. 2022 Jun:3:183-188. doi: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2022.04.001. Epub 2022 Apr 8.

Authors

Taro Takeuchi¹, Ling Zha¹, Kenta Tanaka¹, Yusuke Katayama², Tomotaka Sobue¹, Atsushi Hirayama³, Sho Komukai⁴, Takeshi Shimazu², Tetsuhisa Kitamura¹; COVID-19 Epidemiology Research Group of Osaka University

Affiliations

¹ Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
² Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Department of Acute Critical Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
³ Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
⁴ Biomedical Statistics, Department of Integrated Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.

Abstract

Objective: To elucidate the clinical epidemiology and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 who received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the Osaka Prefecture, Japan.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of COVID-19 patients who received ECMO. Among patients diagnosed with COVID-19 between January 29 and November 9, 2020, we targeted patients who received ECMO. The outcome was all-cause mortality. The baseline characteristics of the COVID-19 patients who received ECMO were summarized according to the outcome. A univariable logistic regression model was applied to evaluate the association of each factor (sex, age group, city of residence, presence of comorbidities, presence of close contact, use of dialysis, and wave) with all-cause mortality. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated.

Results: Among the 14,864 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 during the study period, 39 patients received ECMO. Fourteen patients (35.9%) died. All patients aged 30-39 years survived, whereas all patients aged ≥80 years died. Higher mortality was observed among patients in the higher age group, and the P value for trend was significant (P value for trend: 0.04).

Conclusions: Of the 14,864 COVID-19 patients in Osaka Prefecture until November 2020, 39 underwent ECMO. Of these, 14 died.

Keywords: ARDS; COVID-19; ECMO; mortality.