Fecal microbiota transplantation for diseases: Therapeutic potential, methodology, risk management in clinical practice

Zhihao Qu; Peijun Tian; Bo Yang; Jianxin Zhao; Gang Wang; Wei Chen

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120719

Fecal microbiota transplantation for diseases: Therapeutic potential, methodology, risk management in clinical practice

Life Sci. 2022 Sep 1:304:120719. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120719. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Authors

Zhihao Qu¹, Peijun Tian¹, Bo Yang², Jianxin Zhao², Gang Wang³, Wei Chen⁴

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
² State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
³ State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China. Electronic address: wanggang@jiangnan.edu.cn.
⁴ State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.

PMID: 35716734
DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120719

Abstract

Background: More than 95 % of human diseases may be related to the disturbance of gut microbes. As a treatment method that extensively regulates the gut microbes, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has proven to be an effective therapy for some diseases, becoming a topic of interest among clinicians, patients and scientists.

Aim: To review the latest clinical research results of FMT in the treatment of various diseases and the methodology and risk management in clinical application.

Methods: Search PubMed and Web of Science for reliable research results of clinical treatment of FMT within 5-10 years, as well as application guidelines and risk management policies in different regions.

Results: As a measure of allogeneic/autologous microbiota transplantation, FMT has been used to treat a variety of diseases. By reviewing the clinical studies of FMT in gastrointestinal diseases, metabolic diseases, neurological diseases and malignant tumors, the various mechanisms in the treatment of diseases are summarized. Such as regulation of receptor microbiota composition, specific metabolites, phage function and immune response. In addition, potential risk factors, donor stool screening indicators, recipient self-specificity and possible prognostic marker molecules in the course of FMT treatment were generalized.

Conclusions: The potential regulatory mechanisms, risk factors and targets of FMT in gastrointestinal diseases, metabolic diseases, malignancies and neurological diseases were reviewed and proposed. It provides a theoretical basis for the establishment of a standardized treatment system for FMT and a breakthrough in treatment technology.

Keywords: Fecal microbiota transplantation; Gastrointestinal disease; Malignant tumors; Metabolic disease; Neurological diseases; Risk management.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation / methods
Feces
Gastrointestinal Diseases* / etiology
Gastrointestinal Diseases* / therapy
Humans
Metabolic Diseases* / etiology
Risk Management
Treatment Outcome