Leiomyosarcoma: Current Clinical Management and Future Horizons

Nicolas Devaud; Olga Vornicova; Albiruni R Abdul Razak; Korosh Khalili; Elizabeth G Demicco; Cristina Mitric; Marcus Q Bernardini; Rebecca A Gladdy

doi:10.1016/j.soc.2022.03.011

Leiomyosarcoma: Current Clinical Management and Future Horizons

Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2022 Jul;31(3):527-546. doi: 10.1016/j.soc.2022.03.011.

Authors

Nicolas Devaud¹, Olga Vornicova², Albiruni R Abdul Razak², Korosh Khalili³, Elizabeth G Demicco⁴, Cristina Mitric⁵, Marcus Q Bernardini⁵, Rebecca A Gladdy⁶

Affiliations

¹ Instituto Oncologico Fundacion Arturo Lopez Perez (FALP), Santiago, Chile.
² Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
³ Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁴ Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁵ Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
⁶ Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of General Surgery, Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address: Rebecca.gladdy@sinaihealth.ca.

PMID: 35715148
DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2022.03.011

Abstract

Leiomyosarcomas are soft tissue tumors that are derived from smooth muscle mainly in the pelvis and retroperitoneum. Percutaneous biopsy is paramount to confirm diagnosis. Imaging is necessary to complete clinical staging. Multimodal treatment should be directed by expert sarcoma multidisciplinary teams that see a critical volume of these rare tumors. Surgery is the mainstay of curative intent treatment; however due to its high metastatic progression, there may be a benefit for neoadjuvant systemic treatment. Adjuvant systemic treatment has no proven disease-free survival, and its main role is in the palliative setting to potentially prolong overall survival.

Keywords: Leiomyosarcoma; Metastasis; Retroperitoneum; Soft tissue sarcoma; Systemic treatment; Uterine sarcoma; Vascular origin.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Combined Modality Therapy
Disease-Free Survival
Humans
Leiomyosarcoma* / diagnosis
Leiomyosarcoma* / pathology
Leiomyosarcoma* / therapy
Sarcoma* / surgery
Soft Tissue Neoplasms* / pathology