Preoperative and Noninvasive Prediction of Gliomas Histopathological Grades and IDH Molecular Types Using Multiple MRI Characteristics

Ningfang Du; Xiaotao Zhou; Renling Mao; Weiquan Shu; Li Xiao; Yao Ye; Xinxin Xu; Yilang Shen; Guangwu Lin; Xuhao Fang; Shihong Li

doi:10.3389/fonc.2022.873839

Preoperative and Noninvasive Prediction of Gliomas Histopathological Grades and IDH Molecular Types Using Multiple MRI Characteristics

Front Oncol. 2022 May 27:12:873839. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.873839. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Ningfang Du¹, Xiaotao Zhou², Renling Mao³, Weiquan Shu³, Li Xiao⁴, Yao Ye⁴, Xinxin Xu⁵, Yilang Shen⁶, Guangwu Lin¹, Xuhao Fang³, Shihong Li¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Radiology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
² Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
³ Department of Neurosurgery, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
⁴ Department of Pathology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
⁵ Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
⁶ Institute of Business Analytics, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY, United States.

Abstract

Background and purpose: Gliomas are one of the most common tumors in the central nervous system. This study aimed to explore the correlation between MRI morphological characteristics, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) parameters and pathological grades, as well as IDH gene phenotypes of gliomas.

Methods: Preoperative MRI data from 166 glioma patients with pathological confirmation were retrospectively analyzed to compare the differences of MRI characteristics and ADC parameters between the low-grade and high-grade gliomas (LGGs vs. HGGs), IDH mutant and wild-type gliomas (IDH^mut vs. IDH^wt). Multivariate models were constructed to predict the pathological grades and IDH gene phenotypes of gliomas and the performance was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.

Results: Two multivariable logistic regression models were developed by incorporating age, ADC parameters, and MRI morphological characteristics to predict pathological grades, and IDH gene phenotypes of gliomas, respectively. The Noninvasive Grading Model classified tumor grades with areas under the ROC curve (AUROC) of 0.934 (95% CI=0.895-0.973), sensitivity of 91.2%, and specificity of 78.6%. The Noninvasive IDH Genotyping Model differentiated IDH types with an AUROC of 0.857 (95% CI=0.787-0.926), sensitivity of 88.2%, and specificity of 63.8%.

Conclusion: MRI features were correlated with glioma grades and IDH mutation status. Multivariable logistic regression models combined with MRI morphological characteristics and ADC parameters may provide a noninvasive and preoperative approach to predict glioma grades and IDH mutation status.

Keywords: apparent diffusion coefficient; diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging; glioma; isocitrate dehydrogenase; magnetic resonance imaging.