Prognosticating 2-Year Survival Rate of Breast Cancer Patients Through Plasma miRNA-21 and Other Associating Factors

Pradana Zaky Romadhon; Ami Ashariati Prayoga; Siprianus Ugroseno Yudho Bintoro; Muhammad Noor Diansyah; Putu Niken Ayu Amrita; Merlyna Savitri; Satriyo Dwi Suryantoro; Kartika Prahasanti; Andi Yasmin Wijaya; Winona May Hendrata; Choirina Windradi; Bagus Aulia Mahdi; Krisnina Nurul Widiyastuti; Esthiningrum Dewi Agustin

doi:10.2147/IJGM.S361934

Prognosticating 2-Year Survival Rate of Breast Cancer Patients Through Plasma miRNA-21 and Other Associating Factors

Int J Gen Med. 2022 Jun 9:15:5557-5566. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S361934. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Pradana Zaky Romadhon^{1

2

3}, Ami Ashariati Prayoga^{1

2

3}, Siprianus Ugroseno Yudho Bintoro^{1

2

3}, Muhammad Noor Diansyah^{1

2

3}, Putu Niken Ayu Amrita^{1

2

3}, Merlyna Savitri^{1

2

3}, Satriyo Dwi Suryantoro^{1

2}, Kartika Prahasanti⁴, Andi Yasmin Wijaya⁵, Winona May Hendrata⁵, Choirina Windradi², Bagus Aulia Mahdi¹, Krisnina Nurul Widiyastuti¹, Esthiningrum Dewi Agustin¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
² Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
³ Hematology and Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
⁴ Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Muhammadiyah Surabaya University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
⁵ Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.

Abstract

Background: miRNA-21, one of breast cancer (BC) predictive markers, is now gaining cardinal attention from researchers worldwide to evaluate BC patients' survival rate. However, cancer staging, hormonal status, and other BC markers still have to be discussed. We aim to determine the relationship between miRNA-21 and associating factors such as BC staging, other tumor markers, and hormonal status to predict the 2-year survival rate of BC patients.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study on 49 BC patients (26 early stage, 23 advanced stage). Apart from cancer staging, we also examined CEA, Ca15-3, and hormonal status (ER, PR, Her2) and correlated them with miRNA-21 to predict 2-year survival rate. We did bivariate, multivariate, and survival analyses to determine the link between miRNA-21 and those factors to prognosticate on 2-year survival rate.

Results: There are significances between advanced and loco-regional stage (p < 0.001); high and low miRNA-21 (p = 0.002) and CA 15-3 (p = 0.001), and low survival rate in patients with ER/PR-Her2- status (p=0.0015). Cox proportional hazard showed miRNA-21 (Adjusted HR 1.41; 95% CI = 1.205-1.632), cancer stage (Adjusted HR 9.5; 95% CI = 1.378-20.683), and CA15-3 (Adjusted HR 4.64; 95% CI = 1.548-13.931) affected patients' mortality within 2 years.

Conclusion: Low two-year survival rate depends on miRNA-21, cancer stage, CA15-3, and ER/PR-Her2-. Cancer stage is robustly associated with miRNA-21 in predicting 2-year survival rate.

Keywords: breast cancer; health; miRNA-21; stage; survival.

Grants and funding

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.