A Retrospective Analysis of Medical Student Performance Evaluations, 2014-2020: Recommend with Reservations

J Gen Intern Med. 2022 Jul;37(9):2217-2223. doi: 10.1007/s11606-022-07502-8. Epub 2022 Jun 16.

Abstract

Background: The Medical Student Performance Evaluations (MSPE) is a cornerstone of residency applications. Little is known regarding adherence to Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) MSPE recommendations and longitudinal changes in MSPE content.

Objectives: Evaluate current MSPE quality and longitudinal changes in MSPE and grading practices.

Design: Retrospective analysis.

Participants: Students from all Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME)-accredited medical schools from which the Stanford University Internal Medicine residency program received applications between 2014-2015 and 2019-2020.

Main measures: Inclusion of key words to describe applicant performance and metrics thereof, including distribution among students and key word assignment explanation; inclusion of clerkship grades, grade distributions, and grade composition; and evidence of grade inflation over time.

Key results: MSPE comprehensiveness varied substantially among the 149 schools analyzed. In total, 25% of schools provided complete information consistent with AAMC recommendations regarding key word/categorization of medical students and clerkship grades in 2019-2020. Seventy-seven distinct key word terms appeared across the 139 schools examined in 2019-2020. Grading practices markedly varied, with 2-83% of students receiving the top internal medicine clerkship grade depending on the year and school. Individual schools frequently changed key word and grading practices, with 33% and 18% of schools starting and/or stopping use of key words and grades, respectively. Significant grade inflation occurred over the 6-year study period, with an average 14% relative increase in the proportion of students receiving top clerkship grades.

Conclusions: A minority of schools complies with AAMC MSPE guidelines, and MSPEs are inconsistent across time and schools. These practices may impair evaluation of students within and between schools.

Keywords: graduate medical education; undergraduate medical education.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Clinical Clerkship*
  • Educational Measurement
  • Humans
  • Internship and Residency*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Schools, Medical
  • Students, Medical*