1 Department of Anesthesia, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, amy-pearson@uiowa.edu.
2 Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, Department of Anesthesiology, Bridgeport Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut.
3 UCI Center on Stress and Health, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, University of California, Irvine, California, Child Study Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, Department of Pediatrics, CHOC Children's Hospital, Orange, California.