Background: People living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) require specific pharmaceutical care (PC). Although the 2017 Capacity-Motivation-Opportunity (CMO) PC model allows a multidisciplinary approach that focuses on patient needs, it is too complex and presents room for improvement.
Objective: The aim of this study is to simplify and adapt the previous 2017 PC tool through a multidimensional approach to improve HIV patient care, to prove the validity of the model in real-life patients.
Methods: The new PC tool was generated by keeping some of the variables of the 2017 document and conducting a literature search. Content validity was determined by a 2-round Delphi methodology with an expert panel of 42 pharmacists. Consensus for the first and second rounds was defined as ≥70% agreement. The tool generated was validated in 407 real-life patients.
Results: Thirty-seven experts completed the first round of the Delphi survey and 36 the second. No consensus was reached for 3 variables, any of the frequency options and 4 interventions, while the experts agreed not to include 1 intervention in round 1. Consensus to include them was found for all but 1 variable and 1 intervention in round 2. The final tool obtained to select and stratify HIV-positive patients was composed of 9 dimensions divided into 17 variables. The new tool was validated with real-life patients and 3 priority levels were defined.
Conclusions and relevance: We created a new pyramid of score thresholds to classify patients into priority levels. The new tool simplifies the 2017 model and improves its utility to help HIV-positive patients, owing to its multidimensional approach.
Keywords: HIV/AIDS; adherence; motivational interview; pharmaceutical care; stratification.