Objectives: Dietary therapy may improve glucose and lipid metabolism function in women. However, there is no systematic review to investigate the association between metabolic effects and different dietary interventions in obese women. The main purpose of this study is to summarize the current literature and investigate whether different dietary interventions have an effect on glucose and metabolic indicators of overweight or obese women.
Methods: We conducted a scoping review of randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies from 1991 to 2022 by adopting a systematic review and meta-analysis. The database includes Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science. Literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were independently completed by 2 researchers. Meta-analysis was performed with RevMan.
Results: Twelve articles were extracted and the meta-analysis results showed that the mean difference of metabolic indexes of obese women before and after dietary intervention, including fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR (Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance), TG (triglyceride), TC (total cholesterol), LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) are -0.13 [-0.15, -0.10], -2.41 [-3.44, -1.38], -0.13 [-0.15, -0.10], -21.71 [-24.19, -19.22], -21.71 [-24.19, -19.22], -13.29 [-17.86, -8.72], 3.31 [2.22, 4.40], respectively.
Conclusions: Different dietary interventions benefit glucose and lipid metabolism of overweight or obese women. Further study is needed to determine which specific dietary effects have the greatest effect on improving metabolic indicators.
Keywords: Diet intervention; RCT; metabolism; obese women; overweight.
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