Introduction: A vulvar hematoma is a hemorrhagic fluid collection in the female external genitalia. The majority occur as an obstetrical complication, especially during labor. Non-obstetrical vulvar hematomas are usually the result of trauma, with coitus being the most common etiology.
Case report: We present the case of a 25-year-old woman with significant vaginal pain and swelling after vigorous sexual intercourse. She exhibited tenderness and swelling of the left labia majora and minora. The differential diagnosis included bleeding, abscess, and deep venous thrombosis. Laboratory studies were normal and computed tomography of the pelvis indicated the swelling was most likely due to blood. The patient was taken to the operating room, and approximately 150 cubic centimeters of clot was evacuated. The patient had an uneventful recovery and was discharged home the next day.
Conclusion: This case illustrates the unique presentation and challenges in making the diagnosis of vulvar hematoma.