Advances in Immunosuppressive Agents Based on Signal Pathway

Zhiqing Xu; Ming Chu

doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.917162

Advances in Immunosuppressive Agents Based on Signal Pathway

Front Pharmacol. 2022 May 26:13:917162. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.917162. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Zhiqing Xu^{1

2}, Ming Chu¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Immunology, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
² Department of Pharmacology, Jilin University, Changchun, China.

Abstract

Immune abnormality involves in various diseases, such as infection, allergic diseases, autoimmune diseases, as well as transplantation. Several signal pathways have been demonstrated to play a central role in the immune response, including JAK/STAT, NF-κB, PI3K/AKT-mTOR, MAPK, and Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway, in which multiple targets have been used to develop immunosuppressive agents. In recent years, varieties of immunosuppressive agents have been approved for clinical use, such as the JAK inhibitor tofacitinib and the mTOR inhibitor everolimus, which have shown good therapeutic effects. Additionally, many immunosuppressive agents are still in clinical trials or preclinical studies. In this review, we classified the immunosuppressive agents according to the immunopharmacological mechanisms, and summarized the phase of immunosuppressive agents.

Keywords: Keap1/Nrf2-ARE; MAPK; NF-κB; PI3K-AKT-mTOR; immunosuppressive agent; jak-stat.

Publication types

Review