Objective: To in vestigate the death-related risk factors of surgical treatment of myocardial infarction (MI) combined with ventricular septal rupture (VSR). Methods: The clinical data of patients (68 cases) with ventricular septal rupture after myocardial infarction (PI-VSR) from January 2008 to December 2020 in Beijing Anzhen Hospital were retrospectively selected and analyzed. We followed up the surviving patients and divided them into the survival group and the death group according to the perioperative and follow-up results. The univariate analysis was performed on various indicators, and the Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors related to postoperative death. Results: A total of 68 patients (42 were male and 26 were female, with age 44-82 (64.3±8.2) years after surgical treatment of myocardial infarction combined with ventricular septal rupture were enrolled, 9 patients died during the perioperative period, 59 surviving patients were followed up for 0.1-10.5 years(mean, 4 years), and 7 deaths during follow-up. Based on this, 52 patients were selected as the survival group while 16 patients as the death group. The results of univariate analysis showed that age, VSR to operation time less than 7 days, killip grade ≥ grade 3, cardiogenic shock, preoperative use of IABP, emergent surgery were related to postoperative death. The factors with P<0.2 factors in univariate analysis were selected into the multivariate Cox regression analysis. Age ([OR=1.110(1.012-1.217), P=0.026], platelet count [OR=0.990(0.981-0.999), P=0.031], D dimer (OR=1.002[1.001-1.003], P=0.003), cardiogenic shock (OR=6.084[1.729-21.405], P=0.005) were independent risk factors for postoperative death. All patients were followed up, the survival rate of 2-year, 4-year, 6-year, 8-year, and 10-year was 77.5%, 77.5%, 71.0%, 71.0%, and 71.0%, respectively. Conclusions: Age, platelet count, D-dimer, and cardiogenic shock are risk factors for death after surgical treatment of myocardial infarction combined with ventricular septal rupture. Surgery is an effective method for the treatment of myocardial infarction combined with ventricular septal rupture. Long-term prognosis of the surviving patients during perioperative are relatively better.
目的： 探讨外科手术治疗心肌梗死（MI）合并室间隔破裂（VSR）患者的死亡相关危险因素。 方法： 回顾性分析2008年1月至2020年12月北京安贞医院外科手术治疗的MI后VSR（PI-VSR）68例患者的临床资料［其中男42例，女26例，年龄44~82（64.3±8.2）岁］。根据围手术期和随访结果将患者分为存活组和死亡组，对存活患者进行随访，对各项指标进行单因素分析，运用Cox回归分析影响术后死亡的危险因素。 结果： 共纳入68例手术患者，围手术期死亡9例，对59例存活患者进行随访，平均随访时间4（0.1~10.5）年，随访死亡7例，据此纳入存活组52例，死亡组16例。单因素比较分析显示，术后存活组与死亡组年龄、VSR至手术时间<7 d、Killip分级≥3级、心源性休克、术前使用主动脉内球囊反搏（IABP）、急诊手术等差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。将单因素比较分析P<0.2的因素纳入多因素Cox回归分析显示，年龄（HR=1.099，95%CI：1.010~1.195，P=0.028）、血小板计数（HR=0.993，95%CI：0.986~1.000，P=0.044）、D二聚体水平（OR=1.001，95%CI：1.000~1.002，P=0.011）、心源性休克（OR=6.221，95%CI：2.054~18.841，P=0.001）是术后死亡的相对危险因素。对所有患者进行随访发现2、4、6、8和10年存活率分别为77.5%、77.5%、71.0%、71.0%和71.0%。 结论： 年龄、血小板计数、D二聚体水平、心源性休克是MI合并VSR患者术后死亡的危险因素，外科手术是有效的治疗方法，术后院内存活患者的中远期预后良好。.