Tools for Identifying Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions for Children and Their Applicability in Clinical Practices: A Systematic Review

Siyu Li; Liang Huang; Zhe Chen; Linan Zeng; Hailong Li; Sha Diao; Zhi-Jun Jia; Guo Cheng; Qin Yu; Lingli Zhang

doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.787113

Tools for Identifying Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions for Children and Their Applicability in Clinical Practices: A Systematic Review

Front Pharmacol. 2022 May 18:13:787113. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.787113. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Siyu Li^{1

2

3

4}, Liang Huang^{1

2

3}, Zhe Chen^{1

2

3}, Linan Zeng^{1

2

3}, Hailong Li^{1

2

3}, Sha Diao^{1

2

3}, Zhi-Jun Jia^{1

2

3

5}, Guo Cheng^{3

6

7}, Qin Yu^{3

8}, Lingli Zhang^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
² Evidence-based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
³ Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China.
⁴ West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
⁵ West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
⁶ Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
⁷ Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
⁸ National Drug Clinical Trial Institute, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Abstract

Background: Drug use safety in children is a global public health problem. The potentially inappropriate prescription screening tools are expected to reduce adverse drug reactions and promote rational drug use. Objectives: To systematically evaluate children's potentially inappropriate prescription screening tools and validation studies on these tools. Methods: We systematically searched six databases PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang Data. Two reviewers independently selected articles by the eligible criteria and extracted data. Then we evaluated the coverage of diseases or drugs in these tools and the consistency of items between tools. Results: Five children's potentially inappropriate prescription screening tools were identified, most tools were formed by Delphi expert consensus and focused on respiratory system drugs, anti-infective drugs, and gastrointestinal drugs. The coincidence rates of items between the POPI and the POPI Int, the POPI and the POPI United Kingdom, the POPI United Kingdom and the POPI int, and the POPI United Kingdom and the PIPc were 82.0, 55.1, 51.0 and 2.2% respectively, and the KIDs List did not overlap other four tools. Only the POPI tool developed by French experts was comprehensively validated by studies and most tools have not been validated. Conclusion: The development of screening tools for potentially inappropriate prescribing in children is a neglected field and most tools lack studies to validate clinical applicability. More researchers need to form their national potentially inappropriate prescription screening tools for children based on the best available clinical evidence and the actual clinical situation in their countries.

Keywords: adolescents; adverse drug reaction; children; inappropriate prescriptions; potential prescribing omission; potentially inappropriate medication; rational drug use.

Publication types

Systematic Review