1 Respiratory Medicine Unit and Oxford National Institute for Health and Care Research Biomedical Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
2 Department of Emergency Medicine, Hôpital de Verdun, Montréal, QC, Canada.
3 Clinical Investigation Centre, INSERM 1415, CHRU Tours, Tours, France and Methods in Patients-Centred Outcomes and Health Research, INSERM UMR 1246, Nantes, France.
4 Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Galway University Hospitals and School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
5 Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Hôpital Édouard Herriot, Lyon, France, and Université de Lyon, France, and Institut Mondor de Recherches Biomédicales, Créteil, France.
6 Department of Cardiopulmonary Sciences, Division of Respiratory Care, Rush University, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.