Perspectives on the systematic review for the 2020 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans for calcium

So Young Bu; Mi Ja Choi; Da Seul Choi; You-Mi Jung; In-Sil Jang; Narae Yang; Kirang Kim; Clara Yongjoo Park

doi:10.4162/nrp.2022.16.S1.S89

Perspectives on the systematic review for the 2020 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans for calcium

Nutr Res Pract. 2022 May;16(Suppl 1):S89-S112. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2022.16.S1.S89. Epub 2022 Feb 14.

Authors

So Young Bu¹, Mi Ja Choi², Da Seul Choi³, You-Mi Jung², In-Sil Jang², Narae Yang⁴, Kirang Kim⁴, Clara Yongjoo Park⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Food and Nutrition, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Korea.
² Department of Food and Nutrition, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea.
³ Graduate School of Education, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
⁴ Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea.
⁵ Department of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.

Abstract

An accurate assessment of the recommended calcium (Ca) intake may contribute to reducing the risk of fractures and chronic diseases, ultimately improving quality of life. This review was performed to summarize key findings of Ca studies, investigate the effect of Ca intake on health outcomes, and determine the adequacy of evidence to revise the 2015 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) for Ca in 2020. Databases were searched for intervention studies that assessed health outcomes by providing Ca in diets or as supplements. The framework of the systematic review comprised conducting literature searches, data extraction, quality assessment of the literature, and summarizing key findings relevant to set the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) and Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for Ca for the 2020 KDRI. The final search was performed in June 2019. A total of 13,309 studies were identified through databases and manual search. Sixtyfive studies were included in the final quality assessment and were summarized according to health indicators. As bone health was used as an indicator of the EAR for Ca, literature reports on bone health were further categorized by the life-cycle stage of the participants. This systematic review did not find new evidence that could be applied to the general Korean adult population, including postmenopausal women, for defining a new EAR for Ca in the 2020 KDRIs. Evidence in most of the reviewed literature was considered weak; however, some evidence was found that could improve the criteria on how the EAR for Ca was determined in children and adolescents. A review of the literature for the 2020 KDRIs for Ca did not find strong evidence in order to change the recommended values of the 2015 KDRIs. More clinical interventions are required among Koreans to strengthen the body of evidence to warrant the revision of the KDRIs.

Keywords: Calcium; Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans; adolescents; bone; review.

Publication types

Review