Difficult and complicated oral ulceration: an expert consensus guideline for diagnosis

Xin Zeng; Xin Jin; Liang Zhong; Gang Zhou; Ming Zhong; Wenmei Wang; Yuan Fan; Qing Liu; Xiangmin Qi; Xiaobing Guan; Zhimin Yan; Xuemin Shen; Yingfang Wu; Lijie Fan; Zhi Wang; Yuan He; Hongxia Dan; Jiantang Yang; Hui Wang; Dongjuan Liu; Hui Feng; Kai Jiao; Qianming Chen

doi:10.1038/s41368-022-00178-0

Difficult and complicated oral ulceration: an expert consensus guideline for diagnosis

Int J Oral Sci. 2022 Jun 1;14(1):28. doi: 10.1038/s41368-022-00178-0.

Authors

Xin Zeng^#¹, Xin Jin^#², Liang Zhong¹, Gang Zhou³, Ming Zhong⁴, Wenmei Wang⁵, Yuan Fan⁶, Qing Liu⁷, Xiangmin Qi⁸, Xiaobing Guan⁹, Zhimin Yan¹⁰, Xuemin Shen¹¹, Yingfang Wu¹², Lijie Fan¹³, Zhi Wang¹⁴, Yuan He¹⁵, Hongxia Dan¹, Jiantang Yang¹⁶, Hui Wang¹⁷, Dongjuan Liu¹⁸, Hui Feng¹⁹, Kai Jiao²⁰, Qianming Chen^{21

22}

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
² College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China.
³ Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
⁴ Department of Stomatology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
⁵ Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
⁶ Department of Oral Medicine, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
⁷ The Third Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
⁸ School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
⁹ Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
¹⁰ Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
¹¹ Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
¹² Centre of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Cental South University, Changsha, China.
¹³ Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
¹⁴ Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
¹⁵ Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
¹⁶ Department of Oral Medicine, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
¹⁷ Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
¹⁸ Department of Emergency and Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China.
¹⁹ Department of Oral Medicine, Xiangya Stomalogical Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
²⁰ School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
²¹ State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. qmchen@scu.edu.cn.
²² Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. qmchen@scu.edu.cn.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

The complexity of oral ulcerations poses considerable diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to oral specialists. The expert consensus was conducted to summarize the diagnostic work-up for difficult and complicated oral ulcers, based on factors such as detailed clinical medical history inquiry, histopathological examination, and ulceration-related systemic diseases screening. Not only it can provide a standardized procedure of oral ulceration, but also it can improve the diagnostic efficiency, in order to avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Consensus
Humans
Oral Ulcer* / diagnosis
Oral Ulcer* / etiology
Oral Ulcer* / therapy