Until now, interventional therapies for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have been available in the form of lung volume reduction procedures as end-stage options. Currently, the range of indications is expanding to include earlier stages of the diseases. Lung denervation is available for moderate COPD, and patients with chronic bronchitis are being evaluated for endoscopic goblet cell ablation. Rheoplasty, metered spray cryo technique, and Karakoca resector balloon are used for this indication. But also, for patients with severe uncontrolled asthma, several techniques are available today. In addition to thermoplasty as a long-proven procedure, new and currently under investigation is the targeted lung denervation.Most of these techniques are currently being tested in large pivotal trials and it will soon become clear in which phenotype which technique will be used in the different forms and stages of obstructive diseases. The current paper presents the techniques and the currently available literature.
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