To investigate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) among residents in Chongchuan district, Nantong city in 2012 and 2018, and evaluate the effectiveness of community comprehensive management of DM. Based on the data of 17 780 and 13 382 residents in the cross-sectional surveys of the " National Demonstration Area for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases " project in Chongchuan District of Nantong City, Jiangsu Province in 2012 and 2018, 4 583 and 3 996 DM-related information were obtained. The population of Jiangsu Province in 2012 and 2018 was used as the reference for standardization. The rates of prevalence and management (including awareness, treatment, treatment of patients who knew their diabetic situation, control and control of patients under treatment) of DM in the two surveys were compared using chi-square test. The results showed that in 2012 and 2018, the prevalence rates of DM were 12.0% and 15.7% (χ²=24.25, P<0.05), and the standardized rates were 10.1% and 10.8% (χ²=1.05, P=0.306). The incidence rates were 5.7% and 2.3%, respectively (χ²=55.60, P<0.05). The standardized prevalence rates in the two surveys were 9.7% and 11.6% for males (χ²=3.66, P=0.056) and 10.5% and 9.9% for females (χ²=0.50, P=0.481), 7.2% and 6.5% (χ²=0.85, P=0.357) for people aged 18-59 years old and 20.6% and 21.9% (χ²=0.91, P=0.339) for people aged 60 years and over, respectively. The standardized rates of awareness, treatment, treatment of patients who knew their diabetic situation, control, and control of patients under treatment in 2018 were 84.4%, 80.3%, 95.2%, 58.4%, and 70.2%, respectively, higher than 47.2%, 23.4%, 44.8%, 30.4% and 59.4% in 2012 (χ²=183.33, χ²=380.65, χ²=282.99, χ²=93.24, χ²=6.22, all P<0.05). Among men, the standardized rates of awareness, treatment, treatment of patients who knew their diabetic situation, and control in 2018 were 85.8%, 78.8%, 91.8% and 62.7%, higher than 50.5%, 37.5%, 72.3% and 32.6% in 2012 (χ²=78.40, χ²=96.17, χ²=27.55, χ²=48.96, all P<0.05). Similarly, the standardized management rates in 2018 were 83.0%, 81.7%, 98.5%, 54.1% and 65.1%, higher than 44.0%, 10.0%, 18.3%, 28.2% and 48.8% in 2012 among women (χ²=105.52, χ²=326.36, χ²=317.22, χ²=43.34, χ²=3.87, all P<0.05). The standardized rates of awareness, treatment, treatment of patients who knew their diabetic situation, and control of people aged 18-59 and 60 years and over were 82.9%, 79.7%, 96.1%, 55.0% and 88.0%, 81.8%, 93.0% and 67.2%, higher than 42.6%, 19.8%, 42.2%, 27.5% and 63.9%, 36.8%, 53.9%, 40.8% in 2012 (χ²=44.51, χ²=102.17, χ²=57.78, χ²=21.65, all P<0.05; χ²=71.18, χ²=181.55, χ²=146.26, χ²=59.23, all P<0.05). The comprehensive prevention and control system of chronic diseases, which comprehensively covered the life of community residents, had good management effect on DM, and effectively promoted health education and health promotion.
探讨南通市崇川区居民2012年和2018年糖尿病的流行状况，评价糖尿病社区综合管理的效果。利用江苏省南通市崇川区“国家慢性病综合防控示范区建设”项目2012年和2018年两次横断面调查的17 780名和13 382名居民数据，获得糖尿病相关信息分别4 583份和3 996份，分别以2012年和2018年江苏省人口为参照进行标化，采用χ²检验比较两次调查的糖尿病患病率及管理率（包括知晓率、治疗率、知晓治疗率、控制率和治疗控制率）。结果显示，2012年和2018年的糖尿病粗患病率分别是12.0%和15.7%（χ²=24.25，P<0.05），标化率分别是10.1%和10.8%（χ²=1.05，P=0.306），发病率分别是5.7%和2.3%（χ²=55.60，P<0.05）。两次调查，男性的标化患病率分别为9.7%和11.6%（χ²=3.66，P=0.056），女性为10.5%和9.9%（χ²=0.50，P=0.481）；18~59岁人群为7.2%和6.5%（χ²=0.85，P=0.357），60岁及以上人群为20.6%和21.9%（χ²=0.91，P=0.339）。2018年糖尿病标化知晓率、标化治疗率、标化知晓治疗率、标化控制率、标化治疗控制率分别为84.4%、80.3%、95.2%、58.4%、70.2%，高于2012年的47.2%、23.4%、44.8%、30.4%、59.4%（χ²=183.33、χ²=380.65、χ²=282.99、χ²=93.24、χ²=6.22，P均<0.05）。2018年男性的糖尿病标化知晓率、标化治疗率、标化知晓治疗率、标化控制率为85.8%、78.8%、91.8%、62.7%，高于2012年的50.5%、37.5%、72.3%、32.6%（χ²=78.40、χ²=96.17、χ²=27.55、χ²=48.96，P均<0.05），女性的糖尿病标化管理率分别为83.0%、81.7%、98.5%、54.1%、65.1%，高于2012年的44.0%、10.0%、18.3%、28.2%、48.8%（χ²=105.52、χ²=326.36、χ²=317.22、χ²=43.34、χ²=3.87，P均<0.05）。2018年18~59岁和60岁及以上人群的标化知晓率、标化治疗率、标化知晓治疗率和标化控制率分别为82.9%、79.7%、96.1%、55.0%和88.0%、81.8%、93.0%、67.2%，高于2012年的42.6%、19.8%、42.2%、27.5%和63.9%、36.8%、53.9%、40.8%（χ²=44.51、χ²=102.17、χ²=57.78、χ²=21.65，P均<0.05；χ²=71.18、χ²=181.55、χ²=146.26、χ²=59.23，P均<0.05）。综上，全方位覆盖社区居民生活的慢性病综合防治体系对糖尿病的管理效果较好，有效推动健康教育和健康促进。.