Among the bones of the whole body, the jawbone is considered the region where remodeling takes place the most actively. In this region, the homeostasis of the bones is maintained by the balanced activities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The bone immune microenvironment can simultaneously regulate osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Compared with other bones, the jawbone is more susceptible to pathogens because it is exposed to the bacteria in the oral environment. In the case of inflammatory pathology, an over-activated immune system stimulates the activation of osteoclasts and inhibits osteoblasts. In this review, we summarized the different characteristics of the bone immune microenvironment of the jawbone compared with other bones, and the role of immune microenvironment regulation in common jawbone diseases. The development of corresponding therapeutic strategies for jawbone immune regulation targets may be helpful for the treatment of jawbone inflammatory diseases.
颌骨被认为是全身骨骼中改建最活跃的区域，其中成骨细胞与破骨细胞活性的平衡维持了骨的稳态。颌骨中骨免疫微环境可以同时调控成骨细胞与破骨细胞。相比于其他骨骼，颌骨暴露于有菌的口腔环境中，更容易受到病原体的侵袭。在炎性病理情况下，过度激活的免疫系统会刺激破骨细胞激活而抑制成骨细胞。在这篇综述中，我们总结了颌骨相较其他骨骼在骨免疫微环境的不同特征，以及免疫微环境的调控在常见的颌骨疾病中发挥的作用。未来针对颌骨骨免疫调控靶点开发相应的治疗策略可能有助于颌骨炎性疾病的治疗。
Keywords: Bone homeostasis; Jawbone; Oral microenvironment; Osteoimmunology.
Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences).