Phylogenetic analysis of porcine circovirus 3 circulating in Canadian pigs

Vet Med Sci. 2022 Sep;8(5):1969-1974. doi: 10.1002/vms3.851. Epub 2022 May 30.

Abstract

Introduction: Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) has been detected in pigs worldwide and associated with several clinical signs.

Methods: To investigate the genetic diversity of PCV3 strains circulating in Canada, 44 PCV3 positive samples from Saskatchewan (2/44), Manitoba (2/44), Quebec (4/44), Alberta (11/44) and Ontario (25/44) submitted to diagnostic laboratories in Canada between 2019 and 2021 were sequenced and analyzed.

Results: Phylogenetic analysis of capsid genes showed that all of the 44 Canadian strains classified into PCV3a and segregated into seven lineages with common amino acid changes observed at A24V, R27K, N56D, T77S, Q98R, L150I (F) and R168K positions.

Conclusion: Future studies are required to determine whether the polymorphisms in capsid proteins, as revealed in this study, could be associated with differences in the pathogenicity or antigenicity of PCV3 strains. This is the first phylogenetic analysis of PCV3 strains among different provinces in Canada.

Keywords: Canadian pigs; phylogenetic analysis; porcine circovirus 3.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acids / genetics
  • Animals
  • Canada / epidemiology
  • Capsid Proteins / genetics
  • Circoviridae Infections* / epidemiology
  • Circoviridae Infections* / veterinary
  • Circovirus* / genetics
  • Phylogeny
  • Swine
  • Swine Diseases* / epidemiology

Substances

  • Amino Acids
  • Capsid Proteins