Green Coffee Bean Extract Normalize Obesity-Induced Alterations of Metabolic Parameters in Rats by Upregulating Adiponectin and GLUT4 Levels and Reducing RBP-4 and HOMA-IR

Esraa M Seliem; Mohamed E Azab; Randa S Ismail; Abeer A Nafeaa; Badriyah S Alotaibi; Walaa A Negm

doi:10.3390/life12050693

Green Coffee Bean Extract Normalize Obesity-Induced Alterations of Metabolic Parameters in Rats by Upregulating Adiponectin and GLUT4 Levels and Reducing RBP-4 and HOMA-IR

Life (Basel). 2022 May 6;12(5):693. doi: 10.3390/life12050693.

Authors

Esraa M Seliem¹, Mohamed E Azab¹, Randa S Ismail¹, Abeer A Nafeaa¹, Badriyah S Alotaibi², Walaa A Negm³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13512, Egypt.
² Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31111, Egypt.

Abstract

Obesity is a serious public health issue worldwide. Finding safe and efficacious products to reverse obesity has proven to be a difficult challenge. This study showed the effects of Coffea arabica or green coffee bean extract (GCBE) on obesity disorders and the improvement of obesity-induced insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and inflammation. The active constituents of GCBE were identified via high-performance liquid chromatography. Twenty-four male albino Wistar rats were divided into two groups. The first group (Group I) was fed a control diet, whereas the second group was fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for eight weeks till obesity induction. The second group was equally subdivided into Group II, which received HFD, and Group III, which received HFD + GCBE for another eight weeks. The body and organ weights of the animals were measured, and blood and adipose tissue samples were collected for analysis. The results indicated that the administration of GCBE significantly decreased the body and organ weights. Furthermore, it had an ameliorative effect on serum biochemical parameters. It dramatically reduced total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and insulin levels. In addition, an improvement in homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance and an enhancement of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were observed compared with the HFD group. In addition, the group treated with GCBE exhibited a marked increase in serum levels of adiponectin (an anti-inflammatory adipokine). In addition, a considerable reduction in adipocyte hypertrophy was found following GCBE treatment. Remarkably, the administration of GCBE resulted in a remarkable decrease in the expression of RBP4 (a pro-inflammatory cytokine), whereas an increase in GLLUT4 expression was observed in the adipose tissue. This improved insulin resistance in GCBE-administered HFD rats compared with other HFD rats. Our study showed that GCBE exhibits anti-obesity activity and may be used as a natural supplement to prevent and treat obesity and its associated disorders.

Keywords: Coffea arabica; GLUT4; adiponectin; adipose tissue; inflammation; insulin resistance; retinol-binding protein.

Grants and funding

This work was funded by Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2022R73), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, received by Badriyah S. Alotaibi.