Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized by new-onset hypertension after 20 weeks of pregnancy and results in high maternal and fetal mortality worldwide. It has been reported that PE is associated with abnormalities in the umbilical cord and cord blood. However, previous studies were focused primarily on the transcriptomics level, while the underlying gene regulatory landscapes are still unclear. Thus, we performed the Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq) using the umbilical cord blood samples collected from a patient with superimposed PE and three healthy donors to uncover the chromatin accessibility changes attributed to PE. We have identified genes associated with immunomodulation and hypoxia response that have higher chromatin accessibility close to their transcription start sites. Motif analysis indicated that the GATA family transcription factor binding was enriched in PE and may play an essential regulatory role in the disease progression. Overall, our findings provide an overview of gene regulatory programs and the corresponding downstream pathways associated with PE that may influence the placenta function and fetal growth.
Keywords: GATA family transcription factor; epigenetic alternation; hypoxia response; immunomodulation; preeclampsia.