Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Methanolic Extract of Leaves of Spondias mombin in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Ramachawolran Gobinath; Subramani Parasuraman; Subramaniam Sreeramanan; Balaji Enugutti; Suresh V Chinni

doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.870399

Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects of Methanolic Extract of Leaves of Spondias mombin in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Front Physiol. 2022 May 10:13:870399. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.870399. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Ramachawolran Gobinath^{1

2}, Subramani Parasuraman³, Subramaniam Sreeramanan^{4

5

6}, Balaji Enugutti⁷, Suresh V Chinni¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Bedong, Malaysia.
² Department of Foundation, RCSI & UCD Malaysia Campus, Georgetown, Malaysia.
³ Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong, Malaysia.
⁴ Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Georgetown, Malaysia.
⁵ Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Bayan Lepas, Malaysia.
⁶ National Poison Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang, Malaysia.
⁷ Gregor Mendel Institute (GMI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria.

Abstract

Objective: Spondias mombin is a plant that reported to have anticonvulsant, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiulcer, antiasthmatic, and wound healing activities. Diabetes dyslipidemic effect of Spondias mombin leaves is not clear. Hence, current study planned to evaluate the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of methanolic extract of leaves of Spondias mombin (MESM) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Methods: Phytochemicals were determined by standard method and antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging and FRAP assay. Diabetes was induced by injecting a single dose of STZ (55 mg/kg) into female sprague dawley rats. After 3 days of induction of diabetes, the diabetic animals were treated for 28 days with MESM (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) and glibenclamide (20 mg/kg) orally. The body weight of rats and blood glucose levels were monitored at regular intervals during the experiment. At the end of study, blood sample was collected from all the animals and subjected to biochemical, lipid profile, and they were sacrificed and their organs such as pancreas, liver and kidney were used for histopathological analysis. Results: Quantitative analysis of MESM showed the presence of anthraquinone, tannins, saponins, steroid, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, and reducing sugars. Reduction in body weight and elevated blood glucose were observed in diabetic rats. Treatment with MESM in a concentration of 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg significantly reversed the elevated levels of blood glucose, reduced aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, urea, creatinine, total serum cholesterol (TC), serum triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and increased plasma insulin, total protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Conclusion: MESM exhibited a significant antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities against STZ-induced diabetes in rats.

Keywords: Spondias mombin; antidiabetic; antihyperlipidemic; diabetes; steptozotocin.