Joint effect of indoor size-fractioned particulate matters and black carbon on cardiopulmonary function and relevant metabolic mechanism: A panel study among school children

Shan Liu; Qingyu Huang; Chen Chen; Yi Song; Xi Zhang; Wei Dong; Wenlou Zhang; Bin Zhao; Bingru Nan; Jie Zhang; Heqing Shen; Xinbiao Guo; Furong Deng

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119533

Joint effect of indoor size-fractioned particulate matters and black carbon on cardiopulmonary function and relevant metabolic mechanism: A panel study among school children

Environ Pollut. 2022 Aug 15:307:119533. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119533. Epub 2022 May 24.

Authors

Shan Liu¹, Qingyu Huang², Chen Chen³, Yi Song⁴, Xi Zhang², Wei Dong¹, Wenlou Zhang¹, Bin Zhao³, Bingru Nan², Jie Zhang⁵, Heqing Shen⁶, Xinbiao Guo¹, Furong Deng⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
² Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China.
³ Department of Building Science, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
⁴ Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
⁵ State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
⁶ Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
⁷ Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China. Electronic address: lotus321321@126.com.

PMID: 35618146
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119533

Abstract

Indoor particulate matter (PM) and black carbon (BC) are associated with adverse cardiopulmonary effect. However, the cumulative and interactive effects of the mixture of size-fractioned PMs and BC on cardiopulmonary function are not well understood, and the underlying biological mechanisms remain unclear. This repeated-measure study was conducted to assess the joint cardiopulmonary effect and metabolic mechanisms of multiple-size particles and BC among 46 children. PM_0.5, PM₁, PM_2.5, PM₅, PM₁₀ and BC were monitored for 5 weekdays. Cardiorespiratory function measurements and urine samples collection were conducted three times. Untargeted-metabolomics and meet-in-metabolite approach were applied to mechanism investigation. Bayesian machine kernel regression was adopted to analyze associations among PMs, cardiopulmonary function and metabolites. Lung function and heart rate variability significantly decreased with the increased PMs and BC co-exposure (p < 0.05). The effective particles were BC, PM_1-2.5 and PM_0.5 in turn. No interaction effects of different particles on cardiopulmonary function were observed at different lag days. BC-related glucose and fatty acid increase, and PM_1-2.5-related branched-chain amino acid degradation were primarily observed. Other metabolisms were successively disturbed. The greatest joint effects of PMs and BC on metabolism were mainly at lag0 and lag01 day. They occurred earlier than the strongest effects on cardiopulmonary function, which were at lag01 and lag02 day. BC, PM_1-2.5 and PM_0.5 were mainly associated with cardiorespiratory indices by disturbing amino acids, glucose, lipid, isoflavone and purine metabolism. Mitochondrial productivity and antioxidation reduction are pivotal to the relevant metabolic alterations. More attention should be paid to BC and smaller-size PMs to control indoor PM pollution and its adverse effect on children.

Keywords: Black carbon; Cardiorespiratory function; Children; Indoor air; Metabolomics; Particulate matter.

MeSH terms

Air Pollutants* / analysis
Air Pollutants* / toxicity
Air Pollution, Indoor* / analysis
Bayes Theorem
Carbon / analysis
Child
Glucose
Humans
Particle Size
Particulate Matter / analysis
Particulate Matter / toxicity
Soot

Substances

Air Pollutants
Particulate Matter
Soot
Carbon
Glucose