Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristic findings of computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to discriminate metastasis from primary ovarian tumors in patients with a history of breast cancer.
Methods: This retrospective study enrolled consecutive 72 patients with a history of breast cancer who underwent surgical confirmation of an ovarian mass detected on CT or MRI (primary ovarian tumors, n = 66; metastases, n = 6). Two independent readers analyzed the grade of solid portions of the ovarian mass using a 5-point scale on CT or MRI. A predominantly cystic mass was defined as a solid grade of 1 to 2. Cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) and the initial stage of breast cancer were also investigated.
Results: The proportions of predominantly cystic masses were significantly different between metastases (0% for both readers) and primary ovarian tumors (59% for reader 1 and 53% for reader 2, P < 0.05). For masses of solid portion grades 3 to 5, CA 125 was significantly higher for malignant epithelial tumors than for the other tumors ( P < 0.001), and the initial stage of breast cancer was significantly higher for metastases than for the other tumors ( P < 0.001), respectively.
Conclusions: In patients with a history of breast cancer, predominantly cystic masses detected on CT or MRI seem to be primary ovarian tumors. For the other masses, knowledge of CA 125 and initial breast cancer stage may help in the differential diagnosis.
Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.