Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in an Adolescent Following SARS-CoV-2 Exposure Despite Three Doses of a COVID-19 Vaccine

R I Med J (2013). 2022 Jun 1;105(5):41-45.

Abstract

The multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a known complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the pediatric population. Recent studies have demonstrated high efficacy of a two-dose vaccine series in preventing MIS-C among adolescents. To date, such studies have only included children exposed to SARS-CoV-2 prior to the emergence of the Omicron variant (B.1.1.529). We report a case of an adolescent who received three doses of a vaccine yet developed MIS-C following known exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Given the uncertainty in whether current vaccines offer as much protection against MIS-C due to the Omicron variant or any potential new variants as they have for older variants, pediatric providers should maintain a high index of suspicion for MIS-C regardless of vaccination status.

Keywords: COVID-19; MIS-C; Omicron; SARS-CoV-2; multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • COVID-19* / complications
  • COVID-19* / prevention & control
  • Connective Tissue Diseases*
  • Humans
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome* / diagnosis

Substances

  • COVID-19 Vaccines

Supplementary concepts

  • SARS-CoV-2 variants
  • pediatric multisystem inflammatory disease, COVID-19 related