Effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on hemodialysis patients in Japan: A nationwide cohort study

Kan Kikuchi; Masaomi Nangaku; Munekazu Ryuzaki; Tomoyuki Yamakawa; Ota Yoshihiro; Norio Hanafusa; Ken Sakai; Yoshihiko Kanno; Ryoichi Ando; Toshio Shinoda; Shu Wakino; Hidetomo Nakamoto; Yoshiaki Takemoto; Tadao Akizawa; COVID-19 Task Force Committee of the Japanese Association of Dialysis Physicians, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, and the Japanese Society of Nephrology

doi:10.1111/1744-9987.13887

Effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on hemodialysis patients in Japan: A nationwide cohort study

Ther Apher Dial. 2023 Feb;27(1):19-23. doi: 10.1111/1744-9987.13887. Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Authors

Kan Kikuchi¹, Masaomi Nangaku², Munekazu Ryuzaki³, Tomoyuki Yamakawa⁴, Ota Yoshihiro⁵, Norio Hanafusa⁶, Ken Sakai⁷, Yoshihiko Kanno⁸, Ryoichi Ando⁹, Toshio Shinoda¹⁰, Shu Wakino¹¹, Hidetomo Nakamoto¹², Yoshiaki Takemoto¹³, Tadao Akizawa¹⁴; COVID-19 Task Force Committee of the Japanese Association of Dialysis Physicians, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy, and the Japanese Society of Nephrology

Affiliations

¹ Division of Nephrology, Shimoochiai Clinic, Tokyo, Japan.
² Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
³ Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
⁴ Kidney Center, Shirasagi Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
⁵ Nagoya Memorial Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
⁶ Department of Blood Purification, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
⁷ Department of Nephrology, Toho University Faculty of medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
⁸ Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
⁹ Department of Nephrology, Seishokai Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
¹⁰ Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tsukuba International University, Tsukuba, Japan.
¹¹ Department of Nephrology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
¹² Department of General Internal Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
¹³ Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine Shirasagi Hospital, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.
¹⁴ Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Abstract

Introduction: This study compared the outcomes of dialysis patients who received SARS-CoV-2 vaccine with those who did not use data from the Japanese COVID-19 registry.

Methods: A total of 1260 dialysis patients with confirmed positive SARS-CoV-2 infection was included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: patients who experienced breakthrough infection and those who were unvaccinated. The need of oxygen supplementation and mortality risks were compared using multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results: The mortality rate was 24.2% in unvaccinated patients and 8.6% in breakthrough patients. The odds ratio of need of oxygen supplementation in the breakthrough patients relative to unvaccinated patients was 0.197. The hazard ratio of mortality in the breakthrough patients relative to unvaccinated patients was 0.464.

Conclusion: Our prospective observational study showed that SRAS-CoV-2 vaccination in hemodialysis patients is vital for reducing need of oxygen supplementation and mortality risk.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; SARS-CoV-2 vaccine; breakthrough infection; dialysis.

Publication types

Observational Study

MeSH terms

COVID-19 Vaccines*
COVID-19* / prevention & control
Cohort Studies
Humans
Japan / epidemiology
Oxygen
Renal Dialysis
SARS-CoV-2
Vaccination

Substances

COVID-19 Vaccines
Oxygen