Effects of micro-nano bubble with CO2 treated water on the growth of Amaranth green (Amaranthus viridis)

Palwasha Khan; Huanqin Wang; Wanlin Gao; Feng Huang; Nasir Abbas Khan; Noman Shakoor

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-20896-6

Effects of micro-nano bubble with CO₂ treated water on the growth of Amaranth green (Amaranthus viridis)

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Oct;29(47):72033-72044. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-20896-6. Epub 2022 May 24.

Authors

Palwasha Khan^{1

2

3}, Huanqin Wang^{4

5}, Wanlin Gao³, Feng Huang⁶, Nasir Abbas Khan⁷, Noman Shakoor⁸

Affiliations

¹ The State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.
² University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
³ College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
⁴ The State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China. hqwang@iim.ac.cn.
⁵ University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China. hqwang@iim.ac.cn.
⁶ College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
⁷ College of Management Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
⁸ College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.

PMID: 35608762
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20896-6

Abstract

The micro and nano bubble (MNB) technology, due to its promising features and advantages, has become increasingly popular in agriculture. MNB-treated water positively impacts plant growth, especially when it is treated with a combination of gas-like carbon dioxide (CO₂), injected through the MNB generator. Therefore, this study used MNB water with CO₂ that are small bubbles of nanometer and micrometer diameters having several unique physical properties that make them useful for water treatments. This research evaluates the effect of MNBs and CO₂-treated water on leafy vegetable Amaranth green (Amaranthus viridis). The experiment divided the Amaranth plants into three major groups, G1, G2, and G3, irrigated by MNB water with dissolved CO₂, MNBs with only Air, and simple tap water, respectively. The first treatment group (G1) (MNBs with CO₂) was further divided into three sub-divisions, i.e., G1A, G1B, G1C, and the second treatment group G2 (MNBs with Air) was divided into three sub-groups, i.e., G2A, G2B, and G2C, while the third group G3 with only one category as only controlled group. These sub-divisions of treatment groups G1 and G2 were done to investigate the impact of MNBs and CO₂ treated water with different time durations. For example, in G1A, the water treatment with MNBs and CO₂ was kept five minutes, for G1B 10 minutes, and G1C 15 minutes. Similar method was adopted for G2 as well. According to the results, water treated with MNB and CO₂ has a significant (90%) impact on the Amaranth germination rate and plant growth. Specifically, pots irrigated with the MNBs + CO₂-treated water showed better germination and plant growth rate than the MNBs + Air treated water. Overall, both treatment groups, G1 and G2, showed significantly higher impacts than the CK groups (simple water). Further, this experiment showed that the 10 and 15 minutes treatment of water (G1B, G1C and G2B, G2C) increased the stem height and root size compared to the 5 minutes treated water (G1A, G2A). This study concludes that the water with MNBs has a positive impact on the vegetables and can be an effective technology to improve crop yield.

Keywords: Amaranth green; Micro-nano-bubble; Nutrients; Water treatment.

MeSH terms

Agriculture
Amaranthus*
Benzenesulfonates
Biological Phenomena*
Carbon Dioxide

Substances

Benzenesulfonates
Carbon Dioxide
methyl-4-nitrobenzenesulfonate

Abstract

MeSH terms

Substances

Grants and funding