Intestinal occlusion due to Burkitt lymphoma: an unusual cause

Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2022 Nov;114(11):692. doi: 10.17235/reed.2022.8765/2022.

Abstract

We present the case of a 37-year-old Caucasian woman, with no history of interest, who came to the emergency room for an occlusive condition of 24 hours' evolution. The patient reported a weight loss of 12 kg in the last month, as well as the appearance of a lump in the left breast in the last week. A chest-abdominal CT scan revealed multiple solid-appearing nodules in the left breast, a metastatic liver lesion, and a tumor-like mass in the right iliac fossa measuring 90x60 mm. A biopsy of the breast lesion revealed a diffuse architectural pattern with destruction of the parenchyma and irregular medium-large cellularity with intense and diffuse expression of CD20, CD10 and Bcl6 and a proliferative index of practically 100%, consistent with lymphoma. Burkitt stage IV. Intestinal obstruction constitutes about 15% of hospital admissions for abdominal pain, representing a significant cause of hospital mortality. Although the most common causes of small bowel obstruction are benign (adhesions, hernias), intraluminal lesions such as inflammatory bowel disease or neoplasms are well-established causes associated with this clinical picture. Lymphomas constitute 25% of cases of intestinal obstruction of neoplastic origin; among them, Burkitt lymphoma is a rare type of B-cell lymphoma characterized by rapid and aggressive cell growth, the most common initial involvement of which is located at the abdominal and extra-nodal level.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Letter

MeSH terms

  • Abdominal Pain / etiology
  • Adult
  • Burkitt Lymphoma* / complications
  • Burkitt Lymphoma* / diagnostic imaging
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intestinal Obstruction* / diagnostic imaging
  • Intestinal Obstruction* / etiology
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell* / pathology