Resistant Maltodextrin Intake Reduces Virulent Metabolites in the Gut Environment: A Randomized Control Study in a Japanese Cohort

Yuichiro Nishimoto; Yoshinori Mizuguchi; Yuka Mori; Masaki Ito; Shoko Miyazato; Yuka Kishimoto; Takuji Yamada; Shinji Fukuda

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.644146

Resistant Maltodextrin Intake Reduces Virulent Metabolites in the Gut Environment: A Randomized Control Study in a Japanese Cohort

Front Microbiol. 2022 May 4:13:644146. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.644146. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Yuichiro Nishimoto¹, Yoshinori Mizuguchi¹, Yuka Mori¹, Masaki Ito¹, Shoko Miyazato², Yuka Kishimoto², Takuji Yamada^{1

3}, Shinji Fukuda^{1

4

5

6}

Affiliations

¹ Metagen Inc., Tsuruoka, Japan.
² Matsutani Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Itami, Japan.
³ Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
⁴ Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan.
⁵ Intestinal Microbiota Project, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Japan.
⁶ Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.

Abstract

In recent years, there have been many reports on the effects of prebiotics on intestinal health. In particular, the consumption of resistant maltodextrin (RMD) has been reported to be beneficial. However, there has been no comprehensive quantification of the effect of RMD on the intestinal environment. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify the effects of RMD on the intestine, especially the intestinal microbiome and metabolome profiles. A randomized, double-blind, and controlled trial was conducted in 29 Japanese subjects, whose hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels are larger than 6% (Clinical trial no. UMIN000023970, https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000027589). The subjects consumed RMD or placebo twice per day for 24 weeks. Blood and fecal samples were collected before and after the intake. The intestinal environment was assessed by a metabologenomics approach, involving 16S rRNA gene-based microbiome analysis and mass spectrometry-based metabolome analysis. The intake of RMD increased the levels of Bifidobacterium and Fusicatenibacter and decreased deoxycholate levels. Additionally, intake of RMD lowered the levels of some opportunistic virulent metabolites, such as imidazole propionate and trimethylamine, in subjects with an initially high amount of those metabolites. RMD may have beneficial effects on the gut environment, such as commensal microbiota modulation and reduction of virulence metabolites, which is known as a causative factor in metabolic disorders. However, the effects of RMD partially depend on the gut environmental baseline.

Keywords: dietary fiber; gut microbiota; intestinal metabolites; prebiotics; resistant maltodextrin.