Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a common condition in critically ill patients. A high dose of vitamin D3 can rapidly restore vitamin D levels. The aim of this meta-analysis was to synthesize the results from up-to-date randomized control trials (RCT) and validate the effect of vitamin D3 in critically ill patients.
Study methods: Several databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central database, were searched up to December 4th, 2020. All RCTs that investigated the use of a high dose of vitamin D3 in critically ill patients and reported mortality data were included in the meta-analysis. The primary outcome was the mortality truncated to day 28 and day 90.
Results: A total of 10 RCTs enrolling 2058 patients were finally included. The use of a high dose of vitamin D3 in critically ill patients could not decrease the mortality truncated to day 28 (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.78-1.11, P = 0.43) or day 90 (RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.79-1.05, P = 0.21). A high dose of vitamin D3 could significantly reduce the ventilator days (MD -9.38, 95%CI -13.44 to -5.31, P < 0.001), but there were no statistic difference in length of ICU stay (MD -2.76, 95% CI -6.27 to 0.74, P = 0.12) and hospital stay (MD -2.42, 95% CI -6.21 to 1.36, P = 0.21). No significant difference was observed in adverse events between the vitamin D3 group and the placebo group.
Conclusion: The use of high dose vitamin D3 was not associated with decreased mortality in critically ill patients, but could significantly reduce the ventilator days.
Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD42020179195.
Keywords: cholecalciferol; intensive care unit (ICU); parenteral nutrition; prognosis; vitamin D3.
Copyright © 2022 Gao, Xie, Li, Liu and Yang.