Our objective was to investigate the effects of prepartum metabolizable protein (MP) supply and management strategy on milk production and blood biomarkers in early lactation dairy cows. Ninety-six multigravida Holstein cows were used in a randomized complete block design study, blocked by calving date, and then assigned randomly to 1 of 3 treatments within block. Cows on the first treatment were fed a far-off lower MP diet [MP = 83 g/kg of dry matter (DM)] between -55 and -22 d before expected calving and then a close-up lower MP diet (MP = 83 g/kg of DM) until parturition (LPLP). Cows on the second treatment were fed the far-off lower MP diet between -55 to -22 d before expected parturition and then a prepartum higher MP diet (MP = 107 g/kg of DM) until calving (LPHP). Cows on the third treatment had a shortened 43-d dry period and were fed the prepartum higher MP diet from dry-off to parturition (SDHP). After calving, cows received the same fresh diet from d 0 to 14 and the same high diet from d 15 to 84. Data were analyzed separately for wk -6 to -1 and wk 1 to 12, relative to parturition. Dry matter intake from wk -6 to -1 was not different between LPHP and LPLP and increased for SDHP compared with LPLP. In contrast, dry matter intake for wk 1 to 12 postpartum did not change for LPHP versus LPLP or for SDHP versus LPLP. Compared with LPLP cows, LPHP cows had lower energy-corrected milk yield and tended to have decreased milk fat yield during wk 1 to 12 of lactation. Conversely, yields of energy-corrected milk and milk fat and protein were similar for SDHP compared with LPLP. Plasma urea N during wk -3 to -1 increased for LPHP versus LPLP and for SDHP versus LPLP; however, no differences in plasma urea N were observed postpartum. Elevated prepartum MP supply did not modify circulating total fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate, total protein, albumin, or aspartate aminotransferase during the prepartum and postpartum periods. Increased MP supply prepartum combined with a shorter dry period (SDHP vs. LPLP) tended to increase whole-blood β-hydroxybutyrate postpartum; however, other blood metabolites were not affected. Taken together, under the conditions of this study, elevated MP supply in close-up diets reduced milk production without affecting blood metabolites in multiparous dairy cows during early lactation. A combination of a shorter dry period and increased prepartum MP supply (i.e., SDHP vs. LPLP) improved prepartum dry matter intake without modifying energy-corrected milk yield and blood biomarkers in early lactation cows.
Keywords: blood metabolite; metabolizable protein; production; transition cow.
The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. and Fass Inc. on behalf of the American Dairy Science Association®. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).