Dissipation pattern and conversion of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides (PANOs) during tea manufacturing and brewing

Haolei Han; Changling Jiang; Chen Wang; Yuting Lu; Ziqi Wang; Yunfeng Chai; Xiangchun Zhang; Xin Liu; Chengyin Lu; Hongping Chen

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133183

Dissipation pattern and conversion of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides (PANOs) during tea manufacturing and brewing

Food Chem. 2022 Oct 1:390:133183. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133183. Epub 2022 May 13.

Authors

Haolei Han¹, Changling Jiang¹, Chen Wang², Yuting Lu¹, Ziqi Wang³, Yunfeng Chai², Xiangchun Zhang², Xin Liu², Chengyin Lu⁴, Hongping Chen⁵

Affiliations

¹ Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
² Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety & Risk Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310008, China.
³ Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
⁴ Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety & Risk Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310008, China. Electronic address: Lchy@tricaas.com.
⁵ Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China; Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety & Risk Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310008, China. Electronic address: thean27@tricaas.com.

PMID: 35597088
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133183

Abstract

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides (PANOs) are toxic secondary metabolites in plants, and one kind of main exogenous pollutants of tea. Herein, the dissipation pattern and conversion behavior of PAs/PANOs were investigated during tea manufacturing and brewing using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Compared with PAs (processing factor (PF) = 0.73-1.15), PANOs had higher degradation rates (PF = 0.21-0.56) during tea manufacturing, and drying played the most important role in PANOs degradation. Moreover, PANOs were firstly discovered to be converted to corresponding PAs especially in the time-consuming (spreading of green tea manufacturing and withering of black tea manufacturing) and high-temperature tea processing (drying). Moreover, higher transfer rates of PANOs (≥75.84%) than that of PAs (≤56.53%) were observed during tea brewing. Due to higher toxicity of PAs than PANOs, these results are conducive to risk assessment and pollution control of PAs/PANOs in tea.

Keywords: Conversion; Dissipation pattern; Pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides; Pyrrolizidine alkaloids; Tea.

MeSH terms

Benzodiazepines
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Oxides / analysis
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids* / analysis
Tea

Substances

Oxides
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids
Tea
Benzodiazepines
tetrazepam