International collaboration for the development of clinical guidelines in low and middle-income countries: case study on the development of a national framework and clinical guidelines for diabetic retinopathy in Ghana

Eye (Lond). 2022 May;36(Suppl 1):12-16. doi: 10.1038/s41433-022-02002-9.

Abstract

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness in many countries across the world. Ghana has seen a rise in diabetic retinopathy and is working on various strategies to prevent blindness. Clinical guidelines are seen as a promising strategy for improving quality and reducing cost of care. Little is known about the processes of collaborative guideline development in the African context.

Methods: This case study discusses the process of developing clinical guidelines for diabetic retinopathy in Ghana via a collaboration with the Kenya team that had previously developed guidelines for Kenya.

Results: The main lesson learnt was the ability to overcome challenges. The main output achieved was the draft national framework, guidelines and training slides on the guidelines.

Conclusion: Horizontal international collaboration can aid development of clinical guidelines.

MeSH terms

  • Blindness / etiology
  • Blindness / prevention & control
  • Developing Countries
  • Diabetes Mellitus*
  • Diabetic Retinopathy* / diagnosis
  • Diabetic Retinopathy* / therapy
  • Ghana
  • Humans
  • Kenya