Clinical and Radiological Features of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein-Associated Myelitis in Adults

Abstract

Antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-IgG) have recently been established as a biomarker for MOG-antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), which is a distinct demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Among the diverse clinical phenotypes of MOGAD, myelitis is the second-most-common presentation in adults, followed by optic neuritis. While some features overlap, there are multiple reports of distinctive clinical and radiological features of MOG-IgG-associated myelitis, which are useful for differentiating MOGAD from both multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. In this review we summarize the clinical and radiographic characteristics of MOG-IgG-associated myelitis with a particular focus on adult patients.

Keywords: demyelinating diseases; multiple sclerosis; myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein; myelitis; neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.