Objectives: To evaluate knee joint position sense (JPS) among individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), cleared for return to sport, and investigate whether JPS errors are associated with outcomes of a functional obstacle clearance test (OC; downward vision occluded).
Design: Cross-sectional.
Setting: Controlled laboratory.
Participants: Thirty-four individuals following ACLR, 23 non-athletic asymptomatic controls (CTRL), 18 athletes (ATH).
Main outcome measures: absolute error (AE) and variable error (VE) for weight-bearing knee JPS (target angles: 40°, 65°); minimal distances of the lower extremity from the obstacle (at any time and vertical clearance; two obstacle heights).
Results: Larger AE (P = 0.023) and VE (P = 0.010) were observed for CTRL compared with ACLR. CTRL also had larger OC distances for the trailing leg compared with ATH (P ≤ 0.046) and greater variability compared to both other groups (P ≤ 0.033). Moderate positive correlations (Rs ≥ 0.408, P ≤ 0.029) were observed between AE for the 40° angle and low-obstacle distances, for the injured ACLR leg.
Conclusions: Knee JPS was worse in less-active individuals rather than following ACLR. Functional assessments like our OC test should complement isolated JPS tests, as they emphasize whole-body coordination and thus constitute more relevant estimations of proprioception.
Keywords: ACL; Functional test; Proprioception; Sensorimotor function.
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